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Abnormal Blood Levels of Trace Elements and Metals, DNA Damage, and Breast Cancer in the State of Kuwait |
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| Authors: | Farid Saleh Abdallah Behbehani Sami Asfar Islam Khan Ghada Ibrahim |
| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Health Science Centre, Kuwait University, P.O. Box?24923, Safat, 13110, Kuwait 2. Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Health Science Centre, Kuwait University, P.O. Box?24923, Safat, 13110, Kuwait 3. Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Health Science Centre, Kuwait University, P.O. Box?24923, Safat, 13110, Kuwait 4. Department of Family Medicine, Ministry of Health, Safat, Kuwait |
| Abstract: | This study aims at investigating the blood level of Cu, Zn, Se, and Cd in breast cancer patients and the association between such level and the frequency of micronucleated lymphocytes. Fifty stage I breast cancer patients were recruited for this study at the time of diagnosis and before receiving any treatment or surgery. The control group consisted of 150 normal females matched to the patients for age (± 5 years). The whole blood level of Cu, Zn, Se, and Cd was determined using spectrophotometry. The frequency of micronucleated lymphocytes in the blood was determined using the cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay. The level of Cu, Zn, and Se was significantly lower (p?=?0.0006, <0.0001, and <0.0001, respectively) in breast cancer patients, as compared to controls. The level of Cd was significantly (p?p? |
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