中国大陆女性HPV感染危险因素的Meta分析

了解评价中国大陆女性HPV感染的相关危险因素, 为预防和控制提供参考依据。

采用系统评价法综合评价1995年1月1日至2020年12月31日在PubMed、CNKI、VIP和WanFang数据库收录的所有关于中国女性人群中发表的有关HPV感染相关危险因素的相关研究。由2位研究者独立筛选文献、提取数据资料和评价纳入研究的文献质量后, 采用Stata 12.0软件进行分析。

共有48篇文献纳入研究, 总人数为210 009人, HPV感染病例26 653例, 分析模型结果显示: 孕次 > 1次为1.14(1.07~1.20), 产次 > 1次为1.35(1.06~1.74), 流产次数 > 1次为1.30(0.97~1.74), 避孕药为1.11(0.91~1.34), 避孕套为0.56(0.35~0.89), 宫内节育器避孕为1.02(0.91~1.13), 滴虫性阴道炎为1.33(1.04~1.69), 宫颈糜烂为2.2(1.03~4.70), 吸烟为1.28(1.09~1.51), 饮酒为1.15(1.07~1.24), 文化程度初中及以下为1.03(0.74~1.44), 无工作为0.94(0.73~1.21), 已婚为0.60(0.47~0.78), 结婚次数 > 1次为1.47(1.25~1.73), 性伴侣数 > 1个为1.96(1.46~2.62), 丈夫婚外性行为1.68(1.35~2.09), 丈夫性伴侣数 > 1个为2.14(1.45~3.15), 性生活频率 > 2次/周为1.37(0.79~2.37), 绝经为1.65(1.11~2.46), 初次性生活年龄≤20岁为1.48(1.23~1.78)。

HPV感染主要危险因素为多孕, 多产, 滴虫性阴道炎, 宫颈糜烂, 吸烟, 饮酒, 结婚次数过多, 多个性伴侣, 丈夫婚外性行为, 丈夫有多个性伴侣, 绝经, 初次性生活年龄过早, 而避孕套和已婚是其保护因素。

Risk factors of HPV infection in women in China mainland: a meta-analysis

ObjectiveTo learn and evaluate the risk factors of HPV infection among women in mainland China, and provide reference for the prevention and control.MethodsRelevant studies on the risk factors of HPV infection published in PubMed, CNKI, VIP and WanFang databases from January 1, 1995 to December 31, 2020 were comprehensively retrieved for systematic analysis. Two researchers independently screened the literatures, extracted data and evaluated the quality of the literatures included in the study, then analyzed them with Stata 12.0 software.ResultsA total of 48 literatures were included in the study, involving a total of 210 009 cases. There were 26 653 cases of HPV infection. The results of analysis model showed the following OR(95% CI) values: Number of pregnancies > 1: 1.14(1.07-1.20); Number of births > 1: 1.35(1.06-1.74); Number of abortions > 1: 1.30(0.97-1.74); Contraceptive pills: 1.11(0.91-1.34); Condoms: 0.56(0.35-0.89); IUD contraception: 1.02(0.91-1.13); Trichomonas vaginitis: 1.33(1.04-1.69); Cervical erosion: 2.2(1.03-4.70); Smoking: 1.28(1.09-1.51); Drinking: 1.15(1.07-1.24); Education of junior high school and below: 1.03(0.74-1.44); Unemployed: 0.94(0.73-1.21); Married: 0.60(0.47-0.78); Number of marriages > 1: 1.47(1.25-1.73); Number of sexual partners > 1: 1.96(1.46-2.62); Husband's extramarital sexual relationships: 1.68(1.35-2.09); Number of husband's sex partners > 1: 2.14(1.45-3.15); Frequency of sexual life > 2 times/week: 1.37(0.79-2.37); Menopause: 1.65(1.11-2.46); Age of first intercourse ≤20 years: 1.48(1.23-1.78).ConclusionThe major risk factors of HPV infection include the number of pregnancy and birth, trichomonas vaginitis, cervical erosion, smoking, drinking, excessive number of marriages, multiple sexual partners, husband's extramarital sexual behavior, husband's multiple sexual partners, menopause and premature first sexual life, while the protective factors are marriage and condom.