短链脂肪酸对肠黏膜屏障的影响

肠黏膜屏障具有将致病性抗原等肠内物质与内环境隔离的功能，以维持内环境的相对稳定和机体的正常生命活动。其功能的维持依赖于人肠黏膜上皮细胞、肠道内正常菌群、肠道内分泌物和肠相关免疫细胞之间的功能协调，而其功能的发挥又受体内许多信号分子的影响。短链脂肪酸（short-chain fatty acids，SCFAs）就是其中一种重要的信号分子。SCFAs是肠道菌群的主要代谢产物之一，是肠道菌群与宿主代谢相互作用的媒介。宿主体内的SCFAs主要来自肠道菌群对膳食纤维的酵解，越来越多的研究证实，SCFAs不仅可以被肠道菌群利用，还可调节肠黏膜屏障及多种组织器官的代谢。本文主要就SCFAs对肠黏膜屏障的影响进行综述。

Effects of short-chain fatty acids on intestinal mucosal barrier

Intestinal mucosal barrier has the function of isolating pathogenic antigens and other intestinal substances from the internal environment, so as to maintain the relative stability of the internal environment and normal life activities of the body. The maintenance of intestinal barrier function depends on the functional coordination among human intestinal epithelium, normal intestinal flora, intestinal secretions and intestinal related immune cells, while its function is affected by many signaling molecules in the body. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are one of the important signaling molecules. SCFAs are one kind of important metabolites of intestinal flora, and the medium of metabolic interaction between intestinal flora and host. SCFAs in host mainly come from the digestion of dietary fibers by intestinal flora. More and more studies have confirmed that SCFAs can not only be used by intestinal flora, but also regulate intestinal mucosal barrier and metabolisms of many tissues and organs. This literary review mainly discusses the effect of SCFAs on intestinal mucosal barrier.