Plasmodium spp.: dispersion of malarial oocyst populations in anopheline and culicine mosquitoes |
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Authors: | L C Rutledge R A Ward R M Buckwalter |
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Affiliation: | Department of Entomology, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Washington, DC 20012 U.S.A.;Middle America Research Unit, National Institutes of Health, Post Office Box 2011, Balboa Heights, Canal Zone, U.S.A. |
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Abstract: | The numbers of malarial oocysts developing in individual, like mosquitoes fed concurrently on a single vertebrate malarial host were found to be distributed according to the negative binomial distribution in 169 experiments utilizing 6 species of Plasmodium, 6 species of mosquitoes and 3 species of vertebrate hosts. Dispersion constants ranged upward to 8.0, and mean clump sizes ranged upward to 298.4. The dispersion constant was demonstrated to be contingent on the species, strain and identity of the mosquito, the parasite and the vertebrate host; on the genetic state of the mosquito; and on the state of the infection in the vertebrate host. It was concluded that the concentration of oocyst production in particular mosquitoes was produced by varying levels and combinations of numerous factors associated with the parasite, the mosquito and the vertebrate host and that the pattern of oocyst distribution favors parasite survival and the maintenance of malaria in the field. |
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Keywords: | Malaria Mosquitoes Oocysts Negative binomial Aggregation Host-parasite relationships Monkeys rhesus Chickens Man |
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