Postural dynamics in maximal isometric ramp efforts |
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Authors: | Simon Bouisset Serge Le Bozec Christian Ribreau |
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Institution: | (1) Laboratoire de Physiologie du Mouvement, INSERM U 483, Université Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay, France, FR;(2) LGMPB – IUT de Cachan, 9 Av de la Division Leclerc, BP 140, 94234 Cachan Cedex, France, FR |
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Abstract: | A global biomechanical model of transient push efforts is proposed where transient efforts are taken into consideration,
with the aim to examine in greater depth the postural adjustments associated with voluntary efforts. In this context, the
push effort is considered as a perturbation of balance, and the other reaction forces as a counter-perturbation which is necessary
for the task to be performed efficiently. The subjects were asked to exert maximal horizontal two-handed isometric pushes
on a dynamometric bar, as rapidly as possible. They were seated on a custom-designed device which measured global and partitive
dynamic quantities. The results showed that the horizontal reaction forces and the horizontal displacement of the centre of
pressure increased quasi-proportionally with the perturbation. In addition, it was established that vertical reaction forces
increased at seat level whereas they decreased at foot level, resulting in minor vertical acceleration and displacement of
the centre of gravity. On the contrary, the anteroposterior reaction forces increased both at foot and at seat levels. Based
on a detailed examination of the various terms of the model, it is concluded that transient muscular effort induces dynamics
of the postural chain. These observations support the view that there is a postural counter-perturbation which is associated
with motor activity. More generally, the model helped to specify the effect of postural dynamic phenomena. It makes it possible
to stress the importance of adherence at the contact level between the subject and the seat in the course of transient efforts.
Received: 1 February 2001 / Accepted in revised form: 20 February 2002 |
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