Seasonal distribution and fatty acid composition of littoral microalgae in the Yenisei River |
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Authors: | Nadezhda N Sushchik Michail I Gladyshev Elena A Ivanova Elena S Kravchuk |
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Institution: | (1) Institute of Biophysics of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Akademgorodok, Krasnoyarsk, 660036, Russia;(2) Siberian Federal University, Svobodny av. 79, Krasnoyarsk, 660041, Russia |
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Abstract: | We studied fatty acid (FA) composition of littoral microalgae in the fast-flowing oligotrophic river, the Yenisei, Siberia,
monthly for 3 years. Seasonal dynamics of species composition had similar patterns in all the studied years. In springs, a
pronounced dominance of filamentous green algae occurred, in summer and autumn diatoms were abundant, and in late autumn and
winter epilithic biofilms consisted primarily of cyanobacteria and detritus. In general, FA composition of the algal periphytic
community was dominated by 16:0, 16:1ω7, 20:5ω3, 14:0, and 18:3ω3 throughout the studied period. Several groups of FAs, which
had peculiar seasonal dynamics, were differentiated by statistical analysis based on a method of correlation graphs. The seasonal
changes in FA composition could be partly explained by the seasonal succession of species composition of the community. Besides,
we found that populations of both diatom and green algae grown in summer at a higher water temperature were lower in polyunsaturated
fatty acids than those in spring, at a lower temperature. Hence, we suppose that the regular seasonal dynamics of FA composition
of the studied littoral microalgae was driven both by changes in species composition and by temperature adaptations of the
algal populations. The highest content of essential polyunsaturated FAs, eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids, in the
spring “psychrophilic” populations of diatoms could make them of the higher nutritive value for zoobenthic primary consumers. |
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