农作物种质资源登记区块链模型研究

农作物种质资源工作发展至今取得了巨大的成就,但也存在着农作物种质资源家底不清、共享利用效率不高及种质权属不清等问题,开展农作物种质资源登记工作能够有效解决以上问题。本研究从资源登记信息的流向角度出发,梳理了登记的整体工作流程,并结合区块链技术的优势,提出了农作物种质资源登记区块链网络模型。首先根据农作物种质资源登记的业务特点,确定登记主体和登记流程,从数据的填报、审核与共享3个阶段阐明了资源登记的整体流程。在此基础上设计了农作物种质资源登记区块链网络模型、工作流模型和数据模型,并根据农作物种质资源实际工作需求改善了DPOS共识机制,给出了激励机制的构建方式。农作物种质资源登记区块链模型通过去中心化实现登记数据的分布式存储,通过共识机制增加数据的可靠性,通过区块链的特殊数据结构确保链中数据难篡改、易追溯,提高数据安全性,为今后资源登记系统的设计提供了新思路。

Crop Germplasm Resources Registration Blockchain Model

Great achievements have been made in crop germplasm resources conservation and utilization in China,but there are also problems such as unclear background,low efficiency of sharing,unclear ownership of germplasm resources,etc.,which can be effectively solved by carrying out crop germplasm resources registration.From the perspective of crop germplasm registration information flow,this paper analyzed the overall workflow of crop germplasm resources registration and designed the crop germplasm resource registration blockchain model.Firstly,according to the business characteristics of crop germplasm resources registration,determined the users and main process of registration,which includes three stages:data filling,review and sharing.Then the blockchain network model,workflow model and data model was designed.Finally,improved the DPOS consensus mechanism,according to the business demands of crop germplasm resources,and the construction method of incentive mechanism was given.The blockchain model of crop germplasm resource registration realizes the distributed storage of registration data through decentralization,increases the reliability of data through DPOS consensus mechanism,ensures that the data in the chain is difficult to tamper with and easy to trace through the special data structure of blockchain,which improves the data security.This paper provides a new idea for the development of crop germplasm resources registration system in the future.