Genomic analysis reveals the biotechnological ability of Enterococcus italicus to produce glutathione |
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Authors: | Francesca Borgo Aristodemo Carpen Chiara Ferrario Stefania Iametti Maria Grazia Fortina |
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Affiliation: | 1. Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Division of Food Microbiology and Bioprocesses, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2 Celoria, 20134, Milan, Italy 2. Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Division of Chemical and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2 Celoria, 20134, Milan, Italy
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Abstract: | Through the analysis of the recently available genome shotgun sequence of Enterococcus italicus DSM 15952T type strain (Accession PRJNA61487, ID 61487), we found the presence of a gene encoding a bifunctional enzyme, termed γ-GCS-GS or GshF, involved in glutathione production and not influenced by feedback inhibition. The gshF gene exhibited high nucleotide and amino acid sequence similarity to other reported sequences from the Enterococcus genus and was constitutively expressed both in osmotic shock or in common cultural conditions. Several experimental studies concerning the culture medium, physiological stress, cell extract obtainment, and scaling-up showed that in selected conditions E. italicus was able to accumulate up to 250 μM of intracellular glutathione, which represented the main thiol group present into the cells. This is the first report regarding the production of glutathione by E. italicus, a species that could be used as a safe adjunct culture for glutathione-enriched dairy foods. |
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