Glycoside hydrolases of rumen bacteria and protozoa |
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Authors: | Alan G Williams Susan E Withers Geoffrey S Coleman |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Animal Nutrition and Production, Hannah Research Institute, KA6 5HL Ayr, UK;(2) Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Animal Physiology, Babraham, CB2 4AT Cambridge, UK |
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Abstract: | Sixteen strains of rumen bacteria and 21 protozoal preparations were screened for glycoside hydrolase and phosphatase activity, using 22 nitrophenyl glycoside substrates. The range and level of bacterial enzyme activities were species dependent, although, the glycosidases associated with plant cell wall breakdown were most active in the cellulolytic and hemicellulolytic species. Alkaline phosphatase occurred widely in the organisms examined, but was most active in the twoBacteroides ruminicola strains.A wide range of enzyme activities was also detected in the holotrich and Entodiniomorphid ciliates isolated from the rumen or cultured in vitro. The glycosidases involved in cellulose and hemicellulose breakdown were detected in all of the protozoa examined, and, with the exception ofEntodinium spp., were most active in the Entodiniomorphid protozoa; -l-arabinofuranosidase, an essential hemicellulolytic glycoside hydrolase, was particularly active in this latter group of ciliates. |
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