A mitochondrial analysis reveals distinct founder effect signatures in Canarian and Balearic goats |
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| Authors: | J. Jordana J. Capote A. Pons J. Pais T. Delgado P. Atoche B. Cabrera A. Martínez V. Landi J. V. Delgado A. Argüello O. Vidal C. Lalueza‐Fox O. Ramírez M. Amills |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Departament de Ciència Animal i dels Aliments, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain;2. Instituto Canario de Investigaciones Agrarias, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain;3. àrea Tècnica Agrària, Servei de Millora Agrària i Pesquera (SEMILLA), Son Ferriol, Spain;4. Museo Arqueológico Benahorita, Camino de Las Adelfas, La Palma, Spain;5. Museo Canario, Doctor Verneau, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain;6. Departamento de Ciencias Históricas, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria;7. Department of Animal Genetics, Center for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CSIC‐IRTA‐UAB‐UB), Campus Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain;8. Departamento de Genética, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain;9. Department of Animal Science, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Arucas, Spain;10. Departament de Biologia, Universitat de Girona, Girona, Spain;11. Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC – Universitat Pompeu Fabra), Barcelona, Spain |
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| Abstract: | In the course of human migrations, domestic animals often have been translocated to islands with the aim of assuring food availability. These founder events are expected to leave a genetic footprint that may be recognised nowadays. Herewith, we have examined the mitochondrial diversity of goat populations living in the Canarian and Balearic archipelagos. Median‐joining network analysis produced very distinct network topologies for these two populations. Indeed, a majority of Canarian goats shared a single ancestral haplotype that segregated in all sampled islands, suggesting a single founder effect followed by a stepping‐stone pattern of diffusion. This haplotype also was present in samples collected from archaeological assemblies at Gran Canaria and Lanzarote, making evident its widespread distribution in ancient times. In stark contrast, goats from Majorca and Ibiza did not share any mitochondrial haplotypes, indicating the occurrence of two independent founder events. Furthermore, in Majorcan goats, we detected the segregation of the mitochondrial G haplogroup that has only been identified in goats from Egypt, Iran and Turkey. This finding suggests the translocation of Asian and/or African goats to Majorca, possibly as a consequence of the Phoenician and Carthaginian colonisations of this island. |
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| Keywords: | ancient DNA mitochondrial control region phylogeography Tajima D‐value |
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