子囊菌亚门石耳科属级分类及拉诺属地位的研究

关于子囊菌亚门石耳科的属级分类问题地衣学家持有不同的观点。这些观点使属级分类出现了单属系统,二属系统,三属系统以及四属系统与五属系统。现在新二属系统,即石耳属一疱脐衣属系统已被越来越多的地衣学家和子囊菌学家所接受。但是,因为由Dodge (1968)描述的单种属拉诺属(Llanoa)的模式种与早已为人熟知的网脊石耳很相似,而近年来,这一单种属又被一些作者所接受、因此、我们不得不对该属模式种所依据的原始材料进行必要的复查。复查结果表明,拉诺属的模式种卖为网脊石耳的异名。因此,拉诺属也就成为石耳属的异名。此外,基于石耳科中三十五种地衣和五十二项特征的聚类分析结果也支持新的二属系统。

THE STATUS OF THE GENUS Llanoa DODGE AND THE DELIMITATION OF THE GENERA IN THE UMBILICARIACEAE (ASCOMYCOTINA)

A brief history and the current situation of generic classification in the lichenizedascomycete family Umbilicariaceae is considered. A revised family with two genera has been recognized bymost recent authors, but in recent years a monotypic genus Llanoa described by Dodge in 1968 has beenaccepted by some authors in addition to Lasallia and Umbilicaria. The type species of Llanoa, Umbilicariacerebriformis Dodge &Baker I=Llanoa cerebriforrnis (Dodge &Baker) Dodge], is very closemorphologically to Umbilicaria decussata (Vill.) Zahlbr., and the genus Llanoa Dodge therefore needed tobe reexamined and its status clarified on the basis of the type material. A reexamination showed the typespecies of Llanoa to be a synonym of the well-known Umbilicaria decussata, and so the monotypic genus Llanoa is a synonym of the genus Umbilicaria Hoffm. In addition, a cluster analysis based on 35 speciesand 52 morphological characters favoured the revised concept of the family.