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Bone tissue engineering by using a combination of polymer/Bioglass composites with human adipose-derived stem cells |
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| Authors: | Wei Lu Kun Ji Jennifer Kirkham Yu Yan Aldo R Boccaccini Margaret Kellett Yan Jin Xuebin B Yang |
| Institution: | 1. Research and Development Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, 145 West Changle Road, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710032, People’s Republic of China 2. Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Oral Biology, Leeds Dental Institute, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9LU, UK 3. Department of Dentistry, The 461 Hospital of PLA, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, People’s Republic of China 4. Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, 145 West Changle Road, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710032, People’s Republic of China 5. Biomineralization Group, Leeds Dental Institute, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9LU, UK 6. NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds, LS7 4SA, UK 7. Corrosion and Protection Center, Key Laboratory for Environmental Fracture (MOE), University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, People’s Republic of China 8. Institute of Biomaterials, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91058, Erlangen, Germany 9. Department of Periodontology, Leeds Dental Institute, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9LU, UK |
| Abstract: | Translational research in bone tissue engineering is essential for “bench to bedside” patient benefit. However, the ideal combination of stem cells and biomaterial scaffolds for bone repair/regeneration is still unclear. The aim of this study is to investigate the osteogenic capacity of a combination of poly(DL-lactic acid) (PDLLA) porous foams containing 5 wt% and 40 wt% of Bioglass particles with human adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) in vitro and in vivo. Live/dead fluorescent markers, confocal microscopy and scanning electron microscopy showed that PDLLA/Bioglass porous scaffolds supported ADSC attachment, growth and osteogenic differentiation, as confirmed by enhanced alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity. Higher Bioglass content of the PDLLA foams increased ALP activity compared with the PDLLA only group. Extracellular matrix deposition after 8 weeks in the in vitro cultures was evident by Alcian blue/Sirius red staining. In vivo bone formation was assessed by using scaffold/ADSC constructs in diffusion chambers transplanted intraperitoneally into nude mice and recovered after 8 weeks. Histological and immunohistochemical assays indicated significant new bone formation in the 40 wt% and 5 wt% Bioglass constructs compared with the PDLLA only group. Thus, the combination of a well-developed biodegradable bioactive porous PDLLA/Bioglass composite scaffold with a high-potential stem cell source (human ADSCs) could be a promising approach for bone regeneration in a clinical setting. |
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