Functional roles of peptide cotransmitters at neuromuscular synapses inAplysia |
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Authors: | Matthew D Whim Paul J Church Philip E Lloyd |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Pharmacological and Physiological Sciences and Committee on Neurobiology, University of Chicago, 947 East 58th Street, 60637 Chicago, IL |
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Abstract: | Neuromuscular synapses inAplysia have been used as model systems to study peptidergic cotransmission. Here we describe neuromuscular preparations in which
it has been possible to investigate the physiological consequences of peptide transmitter release in detail. In the first
preparation, the release of peptide cotransmitters from identified motor neuron B15 has been shown to be sensitive to the
pattern of stimulation. High frequencies and long burst durations evoke peptide release that modulates muscle contractions
in a manner similar to that produced by exogenous cotransmitter. By contrast, the release of the same peptide transmitters
from motor neuron B1 show little dependence on pattern. We conclude that there are no stimulation patterns that are prerequisites
for peptide release. Peptide cotransmitter release from motor neuron B47 has also been studied. B47, depending on the stimulation
pattern, uses either ACh, which acts as a conventional inhibitory transmitter, or Ach plus neuropeptides, which act as excitatory
modulatory cotransmitters. Thus, neuropeptide cotransmitters have the capability to greatly increase synaptic plasticity at
neuromuscular synapses. |
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Keywords: | Peptides neuromuscular junction transmitter release motor neurons modulation Aplysia |
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