High-speed video observation of swimming behavior and flagellar motility ofProrocentrum minimum (Dinophyceae) |
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Authors: | Iku Miyasaka Kenji Nanba Ken Furuya Yoshihachiro Nimura |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Aquatic Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Science, University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, 113-8657 Tokyo, Japan |
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Abstract: | Summary To understand the functions of the longitudinal and transverse flagella of dinoflagellates, the flagellar waveform and frequency of each flagellum were observed by high-speed video-recording. The longitudinal flagellum emerged from the anterior end of the cell and beat with a planar undulating wave whose plane was perpendicular to the valval sutural plane. The transverse flagellum curved around the anterior end of the cell and beat with a helical wave, with different alternating half pitches. The half pitch corresponding to the parts farther from the cellular antero-posterior axis was shorter than that of the parts closer to the axis. This pattern is described by the ratio of the outer-parts half pitch to the pitch of the whole period of the helix and seems to be characteristic of the dinoflagellates' transverse flagellum.Abbreviations
p
in
half pitch corresponding to the inner parts of the transverse flagellum
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p
out
half pitch corresponding to the outer parts of the transverse flagellum
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P
p
pitch of helical swimming trajectory
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R
p
radius of helical swimming trajectory
- c
rotational frequency of the cell |
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Keywords: | Dinoflagellate Swimming Flagellum Motility Highspeed video-recording |
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