The effects of sympathetic denervation on spontaneous ventricular defibrillation in the rat.

Ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation was electrically induced in 38 normal rats (group 1) and 24 sympathetically denervated rats (6-hydroxydopamine) (group 2). The time for spontaneous reversion to sinus rhythm was measured during (1) control, (2) isoproterenol, and (3) the combination of isoproterenol and phenylephrine. The time for spontaneous reversion was the same in both groups in the three states. The reversion time was prolonged threefold by isoproterenol, and restored to control values when phenylephrine was added to the infusion of isoproterenol. The tachycardia duration and the refractory period were inversely related: log10 (tachycardia duration) = 3.466-0.091 (refractory period). Ventricular tachycardia/fibrillation induction was examined as follows: (i) Ventricular tachycardia/fibrillation was induced in 100% of normal rats (group 1), but only 42% of the denervated rats (group 2, p less than 0.001); (ii) during isoproterenol, ventricular tachycardia/fibrillation was induced in 100% of rats of both groups; and (iii) when phenylephrine was added to isoproterenol, ventricular tachycardia/fibrillation was induced in 100% of group 1 rats versus 82% of group 2 rats, (p = NS). These observations suggest (1) the induction of ventricular tachycardia/fibrillation is highly dependent on intact sympathetic innervation, and (2) exogenous adrenergic agonists modulate the duration of ventricular fibrillation through their effects on ventricular refractory period, independent of sympathetic innervation.