除草剂草铵膦对转基因抗草铵膦棉花生长发育的影响

【背景】草铵膦是继草甘膦之后又一种高效、广谱、低毒的非选择性除草剂,有望成为我国转基因抗除草剂棉花的主要靶标之一。目前,在抗草铵膦棉花的不同生育期使用草铵膦是否影响棉花生长发育尚不清楚。【方法】分别在抗草铵膦棉花子叶期、3~4片真叶期、现蕾期、盛花期喷施草铵膦,单次施药量分别为900和1800 g·hm-2,每个处理小区面积25.6 m2。分析草铵膦对花粉育性、棉花生长、产量及纤维品质的影响。【结果】喷施草铵膦对棉花盛花期的花粉活力、株高、茎直径、产量因子、纤维品质等各项参数均无显著性影响,在子叶期使用1800 g·hm-2的高剂量浓度处理时,籽指水平显著低于空白对照处理。【结论与意义】转基因抗草铵膦棉花对900、1800g·hm-2的草铵膦具有较好的耐受性。本研究为转基因抗草铵膦棉花的环境安全性评价提供了依据。

Effects of glufosinate on the growth and development of transgenic glufosinate-resistant cotton

[Background] Glufosinate is the second most highly efficient, broad-spectrum, low toxicity and non-selective herbicide after glyphosate. It is expected to become one of the main herbicide in resistant/tolerant transgenic cotton fields in China. When spray glufosinate on transgenic glufosinate-resistant cotton at different growth stages, it is unclear whether it affects the growth and development of resistant/tolerant transgenic cotton.[Method] Glufosinate of 900 g (a.i)·hm^-2 and 1800 g·hm^-2 was applied at the cotyledon, 3~4 true leaf stage, squaring and bloom stages, in the transgenic glufosinate-resistant cotton field, in 2015. Each treatment area was 25.6 m² (8.0 m×3.2 m). The influence of glufosinate to pollen fertility, cotton growth, cotton yields and fiber quality among treatments were compared.[Result] There were no significant effects to growth and development parameters including pollen activity, plant height, stem diameter, yield and fiber quality during different cotton growth stages when exposed to 900 g·hm^-2 glufosinate. Plant height and seed index were affected by high concentration (1800 g·hm^-2) at the cotyledon stage.[Conclusion and significance] It indicated that transgenic glufosinate-resistant cotton have good tolerance when exposed to 900 and 1800 g·hm^-2, which are recommended doses of glufosinate. This study contributed to the assessment of environment safety of transgenic glufosinate-resistant cotton.