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Effects of parental effort on blood stress protein HSP60 and immunoglobulins in female blue tits: a brood size manipulation experiment
Authors:Merino Santiago  Moreno Juan  Tomás Gustavo  Martínez Javier  Morales Judith  Martínez-de la Puente Josué  Osorno José Luis
Institution:Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales-CSIC, J., Gutiérrez Abascal 2, E-28006 Madrid, Spain;Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Alcalá, 28871 Alcaláde Henares, Madrid;and;Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, AP 70-275, México D.F., 04510 México
Abstract:1. Physiological stress in animals may impose a limit for investment in current reproduction in the wild. A brood manipulation experiment was conducted in a population of blue tits Cyanistes caeruleus to study the effect of parental effort on changes in two types of proteins related with stress: the blood stress protein HSP60 and the plasma immunoglobulins. 2. Levels of HSP60 were reduced across the experiment for females attending reduced broods, and females attending enlarged broods experienced a reduction of immunoglobulin levels. Moreover, the overall changes in the levels of both proteins were positively related. 3. By controlling for the change in immunoglobulin levels we found an increase in HSP60 for females in the enlarged treatment, presumably to offset deleterious effects derived from increased effort. 4. Maternal effort was able to partially compensate for the effect of treatment as nestlings did not differ in mass and levels of immunoglobulins and HSP60 among treatments. 5. Physiological stress as reflected in stress and immunoglobulin proteins may limit maternal effort in breeding blue tits.
Keywords:Haemoproteus              heat-shock proteins  parasites  parental investment  reproductive stress
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