云南地方稻种持久抗瘟性的研究

1996～1999年,在不同纬度、不同海拔和不同稻作生态类型的重病区设立5个持久抗性稻瘟病鉴定圃.试验材料为云南的74份地方稻种资源,其中粳稻56份,籼稻18份(含野生稻3份).通过多个抗性组分进行了系统研究,初步表明大白谷(粳、墨江县)、毫弄早(籼、勐海县)、毫玉浪(籼、勐海县)、疣粒野生稻(野、西双版纳自治州)等具有持久抗瘟性能;其中疣粒野生稻高抗细菌性条斑病,对白叶枯病抗性为0级,接近免疫,中抗稻瘟病.通过对品种多抗性组分分析和品种抗性系统聚类分析,提出在不同生态类型时、空动态的病叶片上的产孢量和病斑表型可作为简易、快速鉴定持久抗瘟性指标.

Research on durable resistance to rice blast disease of the local rice varieties in Yunnan Province

From 1996 to 1999,five rice blast characterization nurseries were established in the serious blast-infected areas at different latitudes and ecosystems to characterize and select varieties with durable resistance to blast.Of the 6000 accessions characterized,74 blast resistance accessions were selected including 56 japonica varieties, 18 indica varieties and 3 wild species.Tetep and Moroberekan were used as resistant check and B40 was used as sensitive check.Systematic analysis on data obtained from filed evaluation showed that Dabaigu (japonica),Haonongzao (indica),Haoyulang (indica) and wild rice (Oryza meyeriana (Zoll et Mor.)Baill)have durable resistance to rice blast.The wild rice has high resistance to Xanthomonas oryzae pv oryzicola and immune to Xanthomonas oryzae pv oryzae and has medium resistance to Magnaporthe geisea.It is suggested that a simple and fast method for screening rice verieties with durable resistance to Magnaporthe geisea in different ecosystem may be developed by using the number of spores and the types of lesion as the indicators.