Frequency of pyrethroid resistance in Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) in Thailand |
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Authors: | Thipwara Chuaycharoensuk Waraporn Juntarajumnong Wasana Boonyuan Michael J. Bangs Pongthep Akratanakul Suwit Thammapalo Nuananong Jirakanjanakit Somchai Tanasinchayakul Theeraphap Chareonviriyaphap |
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Affiliation: | 1. Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900 Thailand;2. Center of Excellence on Agricultural Biotechnology: (AG‐BIO/PERDO‐CHE), Bangkok 10900, Thailand;3. Public Health & Malaria Control, Jl. Kertajasa, Kuala Kencana, Papua, 99920 Indonesia;4. Office of Disease Prevention and Control, Ministry of Public Health, Songkhla 90000, Thailand;5. Center for Vaccine Development, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Salaya, Puttamonthon, Nakhon Pathom 73100, Thailand;6. Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Kamphaengsean Campus, Nakhon Pathom 73140 Thailand |
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Abstract: | Thirty‐two Aedes aegypti populations collected throughout Thailand and five populations of Aedes albopictus from southern Thailand were subjected to standard WHO contact bioassays to assess susceptibility to three commonly used synthetic pyrethroids: permethrin, deltamethrin, and lambda‐cyhalothrin. A wide degree of physiological response to permethrin was detected in Ae. aegypti, ranging from 56.5% survival (Lampang, northern Thailand) to only 4% (Kalasin in northeastern and Phuket in southern Thailand). All 32 populations of Ae. aegypti were found to have evidence of incipient resistance (62.5%) or levels of survival deemed resistant (37.5%) to permethrin. Four populations of Ae. albopictus were found with incipient resistance (97 – 80% mortality) and one with resistance (< 80%) to permethrin. The majority of Ae. aegypti populations (68.7%) was susceptible (> 98% mortality) to deltamethrin, with incipient resistance (observed 97–82% mortality) in other localities. In contrast, all populations of Ae. aegypti were completely susceptible (100% mortality) to the recommended operational dosage of lambda‐cyhalothrin. All five populations of Ae. albopictus were found completely susceptible to both deltamethrin and lambda‐cyhalothrin. Evidence of defined incipient or resistance to synthetic pyrethroids mandates appropriate response and countermeasures to mitigate further development and spread of resistance. In light of these findings, we conclude that routine and comprehensive susceptibility monitoring of dengue mosquito vectors to synthetic pyrethroids should be a required component of resistance management policies and disease control activities. |
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Keywords: | Aedes aegypti Aedes albopictus synthetic pyrethroids susceptibility Thailand |
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