Potential for bioremediation of agro-industrial effluents with high loads of pesticides by selected fungi |
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Authors: | Panagiotis A Karas Chiara Perruchon Katerina Exarhou Constantinos Ehaliotis Dimitrios G Karpouzas |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Ploutonos 26 and Aiolou Str., 41221 Larisa, Greece;(2) Department of Natural Resources and Agricultural Engineering, Laboratory of Soils and Agricultural Chemistry, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos Str., 11855 Athens, Greece; |
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Abstract: | Wastewaters from the fruit packaging industry contain a high pesticide load and require treatment before their environmental
discharge. We provide first evidence for the potential bioremediation of these wastewaters. Three white rot fungi (WRF) (Phanerochaete chrysosporium, Trametes versicolor, Pleurotus ostreatus) and an Aspergillus niger strain were tested in straw extract medium (StEM) and soil extract medium (SEM) for degrading the pesticides thiabendazole
(TBZ), imazalil (IMZ), thiophanate methyl (TM), ortho-phenylphenol (OPP), diphenylamine (DPA) and chlorpyrifos (CHL). Peroxidase (LiP, MnP) and laccase (Lac) activity was also
determined to investigate their involvement in pesticide degradation. T. versicolor and P. ostreatus were the most efficient degraders and degraded all pesticides (10 mg l−1) except TBZ, with maximum efficiency in StEM. The phenolic pesticides OPP and DPA were rapidly degraded by these two fungi
with a concurrent increase in MnP and Lac activity. In contrast, these enzymes were not associated with the degradation of
CHL, IMZ and TM implying the involvement of other enzymes. T. versicolor degraded spillage-level pesticide concentrations (50 mg l−1) either fully (DPA, OPP) or partially (TBZ, IMZ). The fungus was also able to rapidly degrade a mixture of TM/DPA (50 mg l−1), whereas it failed to degrade IMZ and TBZ when supplied in a mixture with OPP. Overall, T. versicolor and P. ostreatus showed great potential for the bioremediation of wastewaters from the fruit packaging industry. However, degradation of TBZ
should be also achieved before further scaling up. |
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