Cofilin蛋白功能及活性调节

Cofilin是普遍存在于真核细胞的一种肌动蛋白结合蛋白. Cofilin的基本功能是在细胞内结合和解聚F肌动蛋白（F-actin），其活性是通过磷酸化、去磷酸化、磷酸肌醇、pH改变等进行调节.cofilin介导了细胞内的信号途径，从而调节肌动蛋白骨架的重组，对肌肉形态发育起到重要作用.目前，在各种有机体中发现了许多特征性的cofilin蛋白同系物.其中鼠和人有2种cofilin蛋白：cofilin-1（non-muscle cofilin）和cofilin-2（muscle cofilin）.本文根据目前对cofilin的研究结果，从cofilin蛋白结构、功能、活性调节、在肌肉发育中的作用及相关疾病等方面进行阐述.

Function and Activity Regulation of Cofilin

Cofilin was a actin-binding protein which ubiquitously expressed in eukaryotic cells.Its basic function was to bind and depolymerize F-actin.Activities of cofilin were found to be regulated by phosphorylation,dephosphorylation,phosphoinositides,pH change in vivo.Cofilin-mediated intracellular signaling pathway is involved in reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton and muscle morphogenesis and regeneration.Recently,there were numerous cofilin isoforms in various organisms were found.In mice and human,two cofilin isoform proteins,cofilin-1(non-muscle cofilin)and cofilin-2(muscle cofilin)exist.This paper would to review the latest results about cofilin in the aspects of its structure,function,activity regulation,its role in muscle development and some related diseases.