红花尔基樟子松优良抗旱菌树组合的筛选

为筛选红花尔基樟子松（Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica）优良抗旱菌树组合，采用樟子松林下5个优势外生菌根真菌菌株为接种体，分别对5个月龄樟子松实生苗进行人工接种，接种8个月后观察菌根侵染情况及菌根形态，并在非干旱胁迫和干旱胁迫条件下测定不同菌树组合的生长和生理生化指标。结果表明：5个乡土菌种均能成功侵染樟子松并形成典型的外生菌根；干旱胁迫下，菌根化樟子松的各项生长指标均显著高于对照（P<0.05），且接种粘盖牛肝菌（Suillus bovinus）具有最高的菌根侵染率、苗高、地上及地下生物量和根茎比；外生菌根共生体可通过提高植物SOD活性与POD活性，同时降低MDA含量来提高樟子松对干旱的耐受力；干旱胁迫下，所有接种处理苗木的萎蔫时间较对照处理均推迟，推迟时间最长的是粘盖牛肝菌接种处理，较对照推迟96.3 h；另外，接种处理均能显著延长宿主临界致死时间，尤其是接种粘盖牛肝菌可延长113.8 h。因此，可以认为粘盖牛肝菌与樟子松是一个较为理想的抗旱菌树组合。

Screening of Excellent Ectomycorrhizal Fungi-tree for Drought Resistant with Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica

In order to screening the excellent ectomycorrhizal fungi-tree for drought resistant with Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica in Honghuaerji. Five dominant ectomycorrhizal fungi strains in P.sylvestris var. mongolica forest were used as inoculants to artificially inoculate five-month-old seedlings of P.sylvestris var. mongolica. The mycorrhizal infection and morphology were observed after eight months, and the mycorrhizal seedlings growth and physiological and biochemical indexes were detected under non-drought stress and drought stress conditions. The results show that five native strains could successfully infect P.sylvestris var. mongolica and form typical ectomycorrhiza. All growth indexes of mycorrhizal seedlings were significantly higher than CK under drought stress condition(P<0.05). It was the highest colonization rate, height, aboveground biomass, underground biomass, and root-shoot rate that seedlings were inoculated with Suillus bovinus. Ectomycorrhizal symbionts can improve drought tolerance of P.sylvestris var. mongolica by increasing SOD and POD activities and reducing MDA content. The wilting time of all inoculated seedlings was delayed compared with the control under drought stress. The longest delay was the inoculation of S.bovinus, which was 96.3 h later than the control. In addition, inoculation treatment could significantly prolong the critical lethal time of the host, especially the inoculation of S.bovinus could prolong 113.8 h. Thererfore, S.bovinus and P.sylvestris var. mongolica were an ideal combination of drought-resistant ectomycorrhizal fungi-tree.