基于生长与结实评价红松种子园亲本

为评价选择优良的红松育种材料,对26和28年生69个红松半同胞家系生长(树高和胸径)和结实性状(单株球果数、鲜塔重、千粒重和单塔出籽量)进行测定分析。结果表明:不同树龄、不同家系间各指标差异均达极显著水平(P <0.01);各指标遗传力均较高(0.87~0.96),表型变异系数变化范围为6.30%~63.00%;树高、胸径和单株球果数一般配合力变化范围分别为-1.77~1.83、-9.31~8.67和-15.97~16.03;各生长指标之间相关性均达显著水平(0.716~0.998),其他指标与生长指标多数未达显著水平;利用多性状综合评价法,以10%的入选率对69个半同胞家系的生长性状和结实性状分别进行综合评价,入选的7个生长性状优良家系树高和胸径遗传增益分别为15.66%和35.40%;入选的7个结实性状优良家系单株球果数、鲜塔重和单塔出籽量遗传增益分别为87.30%、1.77%和3.39%。本研究可以为红松优良家系的评价与选择提供依据和材料。

Evaluating Parents of Pinus koraiensis Seeds Orchard with Growth and Fruiting

In order to evaluate and select the excellent breeding materials of Pinus koraiensis, the growth traits(height, diameter at breast height) and fruit traits(cone number, fresh cone weight, thousand seed weight and cone seeds weight) of 69 half-sib families in 26 and 28 years old were determined and analyzed. At different determination time, and all traits among different families reached an extremely significant difference level(P<0.01). The heritabilities of each trait was higher(0.87-0.96). The range of phenotypic variation coefficient was 6.30%(thousand seeds weight)-63.00%(cone number). The range of general combining ability of the height, diameter at breast height and cone number were(-1.77-1.83), (-9.31-8.67) and (-15.97-16.03), respectively. The correlation coefficients among growth traits showed high level(0.716-0.998), but most fruit traits and growth traits showed no significant correlation. Used the method of multi-trait comprehensive evaluation, 69 half-sib families were evaluated by growth and fruit traits, respectively. Seven families were selected by growth traits with the selection rate by 10%, the genetic gains of height, diameter at breast height were 15.66% and 35.40%, respectively. Seven families were selected according to fruit traits, the genetic gains of cone number, fresh cone weight and cone seed weight were 87.30%, 1.77% and 3.39%, respectively. The results can provide the basis and materials for the evaluation and selection of elite families.