硫酸铜对蚕豆根尖细胞有丝分裂的影响

以蚕豆根尖为材料,研究硫酸铜对蚕豆根尖细胞的遗传毒性效应。采用蚕豆根尖细胞的微核试验方法和染色体畸变试验方法,以不同浓度的硫酸铜为诱变剂,测定蚕豆根尖细胞的有丝分裂指数、微核率和染色体畸变率。结果表明:不同浓度的硫酸铜均能使蚕豆根尖细胞有丝分裂指数明显增加,即5个实验组的分裂指数均明显高于对照组(P<0.01或P<0.001);不同浓度的硫酸铜对蚕豆根尖细胞有丝分裂各期百分数的影响有异;能诱发较高频率的微核率,即在一定浓度范围内,其微核率随硫酸铜处理浓度的升高而增加,但随着硫酸铜浓度的进一步升高而呈下降趋势;硫酸铜还能诱导染色体产生多种类型的畸变,染色体畸变率随硫酸铜处理浓度的升高而增加,随着硫酸铜浓度的进一步升高而呈下降趋势,但均明显高于对照组(P<0.001)。结论是硫酸铜对蚕豆根尖细胞具有明显的遗传毒性效应。

The Effect of Copper Sulphate on Mitosis of Vicia faba Root Tip Cells

In this paper we studied the cytogenetic toxicity effects of different concentrations of copper sulphate on Vicia faba root tip cells. With different concentrations of copper sulphate as mutagen, we used the micronucleus assay and chromosome aberration assay to determine mitotic index, micronucleus rate and chromosome aberration rate of Viciafaba root tip cells. The result showed that different concentrations of copper sulphate could apparently increase mitotic index, that is to say, the mitotic indexes of five test groups were significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.01 or P<0.001). In the meantime, copper sulphate could also increase the micronucleus rate of Vicia faba root tip cells. Within certain range of concentration of copper sulphate, the rate of micronucleus was found to increase systematically with the added concentration of copper sulphate, and then to decrease systematically with the concentration. Copper sulphate also caused various types of chromosome aberration. The rate of chromosome aberration was found to increase systematically with the increase of added concentration of copper sulphate for the lower concentration, and then to decrease systematically with the increase of added concentration of copper sulphate for the higher concentration, although still significantly higher than that of the control group ( P <0.001 ). The result was that copper sulphate had systematical effect of cytogenetic toxicity.