Stereotype,ontogeny, and heritability of drill site selection in thaidid gastropods |
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| Institution: | 1. Ninghai Institute of Mariculture Breeding and Seed Industry, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ninghai 315604, PR China;2. Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Aquatic Germplasm Resource, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, 315000， PR China;1. Laboratorio de Modelamiento de Sistemas Ecológicos Complejos–LAMSEC, Instituto Antofagasta, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta, Chile;2. Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Aplicadas Mención Sistemas Marinos Costeros, Universidad de Antofagasta, Av. Angamos 601, P.O. Box 170, Antofagasta, Chile;3. Instituto de Ciencias Naturales Alexander von Humboldt, Universidad de Antofagasta, P.O. Box 170, Antofagasta, Chile;4. CENSOR laboratory, Climate Change Ecology Group, Av. Jaime Guzmán, 02800 Antofagasta, Chile;5. Laboratorio de Estudios Algales ALGALAB, Departamento de Oceanografía, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas, Universidad de Concepción, Casilla 160-C, Concepción, Chile;1. Laboratorio de Moluscos y Microalgas, Universidad del Magdalena, Carrera 32 No. 22-08, Santa Marta, Colombia;2. Departamento de Biología Marina, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, Universidad Católica del Norte, Larrondo 1281, Coquimbo, Chile;3. Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Zona Aridas (CEAZA), Larrondo 1281, Coquimbo, Chile;4. Centro de Innovación Acuícola Aquapacífico, Universidad Católica del Norte, Larrondo 1281, Coquimbo, Chile;1. Department of Mathematics, University of California, Davis, Davis, 95616, California;2. Department of Biological Sciences, California State University, Northridge, Northridge, 91330, California;3. Department of Mathematics, California State University, Northridge, Northridge, 91330, California |
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| Abstract: | Laboratory observations on the feeding behavior of four species of thaidid gastropods (Muricacea), when fed on the intertidal barnacle Balanus glandula (Darwin), revealed two interesting patterns. First, large inividuals of Thais (or Nucella) emarginata (Deshayes) (> 15 mm shell length) exhibited remarkably little variation in the locations at which they drilled barnacles, either among individual snails, among populations along a wave exposure gradient (≈ 5 km), or among populations along the Pacific coast of North America (≈ 3000 km). The results of laboratory crosses suggested that the small differences which did exist between populations from southeast Alaska (U.S.A.) and Vancouver Island, British Columbia (Canada) were genetically determined.A second pattern of interest was an ontogenetic shift in the preferred location of drilling in all four species of Thais examined (T. canaliculata (Duclos), T. emarginata T. lamellosa (Gmelin), and T. lima (Gmelin)): larger snails drilled much more frequently in the opercular region and, concomitantly, more frequently at the occludent margins of the scutal plates. The ontogenetic shift in these snails appeared to be primarily genetically predetermined rather than learned, since individuals of T. emarginata grown from one size class to the next on mussels (Mytilus edulis L.) did not differ greatly in their selection of drilling locations on Balanus glandula from those grown similarly on barnacles. |
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