Interaction of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Vibrio cholerae</Emphasis> non-O1/non-O139 with Copepods,Cladocerans and Competing Bacteria in the Large Alkaline Lake Neusiedler See,Austria |
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| Authors: | Alexander K T Kirschner Sonja Schauer Birgit Steinberger Inés Wilhartitz Christopher J Grim Anwar Huq Rita R Colwell Alois Herzig Regina Sommer |
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| Institution: | 1.Institute for Hygiene and Applied Immunology, Water Hygiene,Medical University of Vienna,Wien,Austria;2.Institute of Chemical Engineering, Research Group Environmental Microbiology and Molecular Ecology,Vienna University of Technology,Vienna,Austria;3.University of Maryland Institute for Advanced Computer Studies,University of Maryland,College Park,USA;4.Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology,University of Maryland,College Park,USA;5.Biological Research Institute Burgenland,Illmitz,Austria;6.Department Environmental Microbiology,EAWAG,Dübendorf,Switzerland |
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| Abstract: | Vibrio cholerae is a human pathogen and natural inhabitant of aquatic environments. Serogroups O1/O139 have been associated with epidemic cholera, while non-O1/non-O139 serogroups usually cause human disease
other than classical cholera. V. cholerae non-O1/non-O139 from the Neusiedler See, a large Central European lake, have caused ear and wound infections, including one
case of fatal septicaemia. Recent investigations demonstrated rapid planktonic growth of V. cholerae non-O1/non-O139 and correlation with zooplankton biomass. The aim of this study was to elucidate the interaction of autochthonous
V. cholerae with two dominant crustacean zooplankton species in the lake and investigate the influence of the natural bacterial community
on this interaction. An existing data set was evaluated for statistical relationships between zooplankton species and V. cholerae and co-culture experiments were performed in the laboratory. A new fluorescence in situ hybridisation protocol was applied
for quantification of V. cholerae non-O1/non-O139 cells, which significantly reduced analysis time. The experiments clearly demonstrated a significant relationship
of autochthonous V. cholerae non-O1/non-O139 with cladocerans by promoting growth of V. cholerae non-O1/non-O139 in the water and on the surfaces of the cladocerans. In contrast, copepods had a negative effect on the growth
of V. cholerae non-O1/non-O139 via competing bacteria from their surfaces. Thus, beside other known factors, biofilm formation by V. cholerae on crustacean zooplankton appears to be zooplankton taxon specific and may be controlled by the natural bacterial community. |
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