Effects of heavy metals on the Ca2+-ATPase activity present in gill cell plasma-membrane of mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis Lam.) |
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| Institution: | 1. College of Marine Technology and Environment, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, PR China;2. Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Nearshore Marine Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, PR China;3. college of Fisheries and Life Science, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, PR China;4. Key Laboratory of Marine Bio-resources Restoration and Habitat Reparation in Liaoning Province, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, PR China;1. Applied Research Center, Florida International University, 10555 W. Flagler Street, Miami, FL 33174, USA;2. Department of Biomedical Engineering, Florida International University, 10555 W. Flagler Street, Miami, FL 33174, USA;3. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, PO Box 999, K3-62, Richland, WA 99352, USA |
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| Abstract: | 1. Heavy metals (Hg2+, Cu2+, Cd2+, Zn2+, Pb2+) at micromolar concentrations strongly inhibit the Ca2+-ATPase activity present in the plasma-membrane obtained from the gill cells of Mytilus galloprovincialis Lam. Heavy metals act through inhibition of the formation of the phosphorylated intermediate.2. All the heavy metals tested inhibit the Ca2+-ATPase activity, the effect following the order: Hg2+ > Pb2+ > Cu2+ > Cd2+ > Zn2+; the simultaneous addition of different heavy metals causes a summatory inhibition of the enzyme activity; addition to the reaction mixture of GSH at a final concentration of 0.5 mM, reverses inhibitory effects of heavy metals.3. The inhibitory effects of Cu2+ on Ca2+-ATPase are highly enhanced by addition of ascorbate to the reaction mixture. In the presence of ascorbate (100 μM), copper strongly stimulates the lipid peroxidation damage of the gill plasma-membranes, a result that may explain the high copper cytotoxicity. |
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