山茱萸种质资源数量性状评价及相关性分析

对从全国收集的75份山茱萸种质资源,从叶长、叶宽、果实横径、果实纵径、鲜果百粒重、种子千粒重、种子含水量、枣皮灰分、枣皮水分、水溶性浸出物和马钱素含量等表型性状,分析其变异系数和各性状间的相关性.分析结果显示,75份山茱萸种质资源在叶长、叶宽、鲜果百粒重、种子千粒重、枣皮灰分和马钱素含量等性状上的变异系数均高于10％,说明这些性状变化范围较大,个体间性状不稳定,易受环境因素的影响；而果实横径、果实纵径、种子含水量、枣皮水分和水溶性浸出物的变异系数均低于10％,说明这些性状变异较小,表型性状比较稳定.相关性分析结果显示,各性状间都存在一定的相关性,其中果实纵径和果实横径与鲜果百粒重呈显著正相关(0.396和0.312,P ＜0.01),说明果实纵横径是影响果实重量的关键因素；水溶性浸出物大小与果实横径(0.481,P＜0.01)、果实纵径(0.280,P＜0.05)、马钱素含量(0.372,P＜0.01)呈现显著性正相关,表明水溶性浸出物含量的高低与山茱芰有效成分马钱素含量和果实大小及形状密切正相关,这将为种质的筛选、评价和新品种选育提供依据.

Evaluation and Correlation Analysis on Quantitative Traits of Cornus officinalis Germplasm Resources

In this study,75 germplasm resources in the primary core collection of Cornus officinalis were collected from three provinces in China.Many quantitative traits,including leaf length,leaf breadth,fruit length,fruit broad,fresh fruit 100-fruit weight,seed 1000-seed weight,seed moisture content,ash content of date bark,moisture content of date bark,water soluble extractives,and content of Loganin,were analyzed on coefficient of variability and correlation.The results showed that the coefficient of variability in leaf length,leaf breadth,fresh fruit 100 fruit weight,seed 1000-seed weight,ash content of date bark and content of Loganin were higher than 10%.This indicated that the variation of these traits was small and the phenotypic traits were stable.The coefficient of variability in fruit length,fruit broad,seed moisture content,moisture content of date bark and water soluble extractives were less than 10%,which indicated that there was less variation and these traits were relatively stable between individual.Correlation analysis results showed that there was a relationship among these traits.The fruit length and fruit breadth had a significant correlation with fresh fruit 100-fruit weight(0.396 and 0.312,P < 0.01),which suggested that it was a key reason that the fruit of length and breadth affected the fresh fruit 100-fruit weight.There was significant correlation between fruit length fruit breadth(0.481,P < 0.01),content of Loganin(0.280,P < 0.05),and water-soluble extractives(0.372,P < 0.01).This meant that the characteristic of water-soluble extractive contents was closely related to fruit size,fruit shape,and content of Loganin.These results will provide a parameter for screening and evaluating the germplasm resources of C.officinalis in the future.