益生菌及其细胞组分的免疫调节作用

益生菌对肠道黏膜系统的调节作用是应用益生菌提高宿主抵抗某些病源菌感染及预防肿瘤发生的基础。但是,益生菌的作用机理目前还不完全清楚。益生菌细胞壁组分可能是引发免疫反应的功能性物质,而构成各种益生菌细胞壁组分的差异可能是益生菌免疫调节作用存在菌种特异性的主要原因。肠道派伊尔斑外层的M细胞是介导益生菌或其细胞组分进入上皮下层的主要通道,进入上皮下层的益生菌或其细胞残片可以被黏膜免疫系统的树突状细胞(DC)或巨噬细胞吞噬,并呈递给淋巴细胞。益生菌及其细胞组分在黏膜局部刺激黏膜免疫系统,也可以引起系统免疫反应,但其通过局部免疫刺激引起系统免疫反应的机理目前还不清楚。研究益生菌细胞组分构成和益生菌免疫激活作用之间的关系,及由局部免疫刺激引发系统免疫反应的机理是益生菌免疫刺激作用机理研究需要解决的两大问题。

Immuno-Modulation Role of Probiotics and Their Cell Components

Probiotics have immuno-modulation role in host They are important for protecting the host from pathogen infection,and preventing the host from the occurrence of tumor.Their cell wall components such as peptidoglycan,teichoic acid,and lipoteichoic acid may play important roles in immunity homeostatic.M cell located outside the Peyer's patches is important for transporting probiotic or their released cell walls into lamina propria.Dendritic cell and macrophage in lamina propria are responsible for recognizing probiotic and their cell walls and presenting them to lymph cell.System immune reaction will also be induced by oral administration of probiotics,however,the mechanism is not understood enough yet so far.Further study involving the relationship between immuno-modulation role of probiotics and their cell components,and the mechanism of local stimulus induce the system immune react are two major problems needed to be solve for study on the mechanism of the role of probiotic immune stimulus.