An overview of malaria transmission from the perspective of Amazon
Anopheles vectors
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Authors: | Paulo FP Pimenta Alessandra S Orfano Ana C Bahia Ana PM Duarte Claudia M Ríos-Velásquez Fabrício F Melo Felipe AC Pessoa Giselle A Oliveira Keillen MM Campos Luis Martínez Villegas Nilton Barnabé Rodrigues Rafael Nacif-Pimenta Rejane C Sim?es Wuelton M Monteiro Rogerio Amino Yara M Traub-Cseko José BP Lima Maria GV Barbosa Marcus VG Lacerda Wanderli P Tadei Nágila FC Secundino |
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Affiliation: | 1.Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou-Fiocruz, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil;2.Fundação de Medicina Tropical Dr Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, AM, Brasil;3.Instituto Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil;4.Instituto Leônidas e Maria Deane-Fiocruz, Manaus, AM, Brasil;5.Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus, AM, Brasil;6.Unité de Biologie et Génétique du Paludisme, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France |
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Abstract: | In the Americas, areas with a high risk of malaria transmission are mainly located inthe Amazon Forest, which extends across nine countries. One keystone step tounderstanding the Plasmodium life cycle in Anopheles species from the Amazon Regionis to obtain experimentally infected mosquito vectors. Several attempts to coloniseAno- pheles species have been conducted, but with only short-lived success or nosuccess at all. In this review, we review the literature on malaria transmission fromthe perspective of its Amazon vectors. Currently, it is possible to developexperimental Plasmodium vivax infection of the colonised and field-captured vectorsin laboratories located close to Amazonian endemic areas. We are also reviewingstudies related to the immune response to P. vivax infection of Anopheles aquasalis,a coastal mosquito species. Finally, we discuss the importance of the modulation ofPlasmodium infection by the vector microbiota and also consider the anophelinegenomes. The establishment of experimental mosquito infections with Plasmodiumfalciparum, Plasmodium yoelii and Plasmodium berghei parasites that could provideinteresting models for studying malaria in the Amazonian scenario is important.Understanding the molecular mechanisms involved in the development of the parasitesin New World vectors is crucial in order to better determine the interaction processand vectorial competence. |
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Keywords: | Anopheles Plasmodium transmission Amazon vectors |
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