STIM and Orai: Dynamic Intermembrane Coupling to Control Cellular Calcium Signals |
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Authors: | Xiaoxiang Deng Youjun Wang Yandong Zhou Jonathan Soboloff and Donald L Gill |
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Institution: | From the Department of Biochemistry, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19140 |
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Abstract: | Ca2+ signals controlling a vast array of cell functions involve both Ca2+ store release and external Ca2+ entry. These two events are coordinated through a dynamic intermembrane coupling between two distinct membrane proteins, STIM and Orai. STIM proteins are endoplasmic reticulum (ER) luminal Ca2+ sensors that undergo a profound redistribution into discrete junctional ER domains closely juxtaposed with the plasma membrane (PM). Orai proteins are PM Ca2+ channels that migrate and become tethered by STIM within the ER-PM junctions, where they mediate exceedingly selective Ca2+ entry. We describe a new understanding of the nature of the proteins and how they function to mediate this remarkable intermembrane signaling process controlling Ca2+ signals. |
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