The effects of temperature, altitude and latitude on the arrival and departure dates of the swallow Hirundo rustica in the Slovak Republic |
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Authors: | T H Sparks O Braslavská |
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Institution: | (1) Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Monks Wood, Abbots Ripton, Huntingdon, Cambridgeshire PE28 2LS, UK e-mail: ths@ceh.ac.uk, GB;(2) Slovak Hydrometeorological Institute, Zelená 5, 97590 Banská Bystrica, Slovak Republic, SK |
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Abstract: | The (barn) swallow Hirundo rustica is a traditional harbinger of spring in many countries of the Northern Hemisphere. This paper uses information on the arrival
and departure dates of the swallow in the Slovak Republic for the 30 years 1961–1985 and 1996–2000. Records were taken at
19 locations throughout the Republic representing an altitude range from 105 m to 760 m. Monthly temperature data were constructed
from six meteorological stations. With the use of regression techniques, trends towards later arrival, earlier departure and
the effects of latitude, altitude and temperature are all apparent.
Received: 25 October 2000 / Revised: 23 April 2001 / Accepted: 23 April 2001 |
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Keywords: | Migration timing Hirundo rustica Temperature Altitude Latitude |
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