鮸鱼精子的生理特性及超低温冻存

通过测定精子的激活率、运动时间及寿命,研究了鮸鱼精子的生理特性,以0.5mL麦细管为冻存管、两步降温法超低温冻存鮸鱼精子。结果表明,鮸鱼精子激活与运动的适宜盐度为20~30、适宜pH值为5.5~9.0,适宜的KCl、NaCl、CaCl2溶液浓度分别为（500~600）mmol/L、（400~500）mmol/L、（300~400）mmol/L,适宜的葡萄糖溶液浓度为（800~900）mmol/L。无Ca2＋、Mg2＋及HCO3-的人工海水均能使鮸鱼精子激活,但运动时间及寿命有所下降。以Cortland溶液为稀释液,10%Gly、15%Gly、5%DMSO、10%DMSO、15%DMSO、10%EG、10%PG、15%PG及20%PG为抗冻剂,超低温冻存鮸鱼精子15d后,冻精的活力与鲜精相比无显著差异,其中,以10%Gly为抗冻剂冻存精子的效果最好,冻精的激活率、运动时间及寿命分别达（86.38±1.63）%、（8.24±1.37）min及（10.21±0.42）min。

Physiological characteristics and cryopreservation of Miichthys miiuy sperm

The physiological characteristics of sperm from Miichthys miiuy were investigated by determination of the activation rate,movement duration and lifespan of sperm.The cryopreservation was studied by two-step cooling procedures in 0.5mL straws.The results indicated that the suitable range of salinity and pH for sperm activation and movement was 20-30 and 5.5-9.0,respectively.The concentration of KCl,NaCl,CaCl2 solutions for sperm activation and movement was 500-600mmol/L,400-500mmol/L and 300-400mmol/L,respectively,while the optimal concentration of glucose solution was 800-900mmol/L.Each artificial seawater with Ca2＋-free,Mg2＋-free or HCO-3-free could activate sperm,but the duration of movement and survival time were reduced.No significant differences of motility were found after 15 days between fresh sperm and frozen-thawed sperm when Cortland solution was used as extender and 10%Gly,15%Gly,5%DMSO,10%DMSO,15%DMSO,10%EG,10%PG,15%PG or 20%PG was used as cryoprotectant.We found that 10%GLy was the best cryoprotectant for cryopreservation of Miichthys miiuy sperm and the activation rate,movement duration and lifespan was（86.38±1.63）%,（8.24±1.37）min and（10.21±0.42）min,respectively.