云居山栓皮栎群落特征及多样性研究

栓皮栎群落是我国暖温带和亚热带落叶阔叶林的重要森林群落类型之一,也是赣北珍稀森林群落之一,在森林演替和植物资源利用中占有重要的地位。通过对江西云居山栓皮栎(Quercus variabilis)群落进行实地调查,采用区系分析、生活型谱分析、物种多样性和双向聚类等方法对其群落特征进行了研究,发现云居山自然保护区栓皮栎群落结构简单,层次明显,多样性程度不高。物种调查及区系研究结果显示,云居山栓皮栎群落维管束植物共计43科56属70种,植物区系主要以泛热带、东亚及北美间断、北温带分布为主,表现出从温带区系向热带区系过渡的特征;生活型谱以高位芽植物为主(占70%),其他生活型相对较少,反映出中亚热带森林以高位芽植物为主的特点。群落物种丰富度、多样性指数均为乔木层小于灌木层和草本层,均匀度指数分析表明,乔木层为聚集分布、灌木层和草本层为均匀分布。双向聚类分析表明,调查的5个样地均为栓皮栎群落,以乔木层物种多度可将5个样地分为3类,组成群落的24个主要物种可分为10类。

Research on Quercus variabilis Community Characteristics and Diversity of Yunju Mountain

Quercus variabilis is a warm temperate and subtropical broad-leaved forest community type in China, playing an important role in forest succession and plant resource utilization. In October 2012, we investigated the Q. variabilis community on Yunju Mountain, and used floristic analysis, spectrum analysis, species diversity and two-way clustering to study the characteristics of the community. We found 70 species, 56 genera and 43 families. The floristic characteristics were mainly influenced by Pantropic, East Asia and North America and North Temperate. The main life form distribution was Phanerophytes, about 70%, with relatively fewer other life forms, which reflected that the Phanerophytes lifeforms were mid-subtropical. The community species diversity followed that of species richness. The diversity index of the tree layer was less than that of the shrub and herb layers. Uniformity analysis show aggregated distribution for the tree layer, and uniform distribution for the shrub and herb layers. Two-way clustering analysis showed that the five sites were Q. variabilis communities, but the indicator tree layer species could be divided into three types, and 24 species could divided into 10 categories. The structure of the Q. variabilis community was simple, and the degree of diversity was low.