Aβ aggregation and possible implications in Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis |
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| Authors: | Prashant R Bharadwaj Ashok K Dubey Colin L Masters Ralph N Martins Ian G Macreadie |
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| Institution: | CSIRO Molecular and Health Technologies and P-Health Flagship, Parkville, Victoria, Australia;Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer's Disease Research and Care, School of Exercise, Biomedical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia;Netaji Subhash Institute of Technology, New Delhi, India;Department of Pathology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia;The Mental Health Research Institute of Victoria, Parkville, VIC, Australia |
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| Abstract: | Amyloid β protein (Aβ) has been associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) because it is a major component of the extracellular plaque found in AD brains. Increased Aβ levels correlate with the cognitive decline observed in AD. Sporadic AD cases are thought to be chiefly associated with lack of Aβ clearance from the brain, unlike familial AD which shows increased Aβ production. Aβ aggregation leading to deposition is an essential event in AD. However, the factors involved in Aβ aggregation and accumulation in sporadic AD have not been completely characterized. This review summarizes studies that have examined the factors that affect Aβ aggregation and toxicity. By necessity these are studies that are performed with recombinant-derived or chemically synthesized Aβ. The studies therefore are not done in animals but in cell culture, which includes neuronal cells, other mammalian cells and, in some cases, non-mammalian cells that also appear susceptible to Aβ toxicity. An understanding of Aβ oligomerization may lead to better strategies to prevent AD. |
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| Keywords: | Alzheimer's disease Abeta oligomerization/aggregation peptide toxicity |
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