Bacterial decolorization and degradation of the reactive dye Reactive Red 180 by Citrobacter sp. CK3 |
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| Authors: | Hui Wang Jian Qiang Su Xiao Wei Zheng Yun Tian Xiao Jing Xiong Tian Ling Zheng |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Coast and Wetland Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China;2. State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Marine Science & Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China;1. School of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China;2. Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China;1. Post Graduate Department of Microbiology, Biogas Research and Extension Centre, Gujarat Vidyapeeth, Sadra 382320, Gujarat, India;2. Environmental Genomics and Proteomics Lab, BRD School of Biosciences, Satellite Campus, Sardar Patel University, Vadtal Road, Post Box No. 39, Vallabh Vidyanagar 388120, Gujarat, India;1. School of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China;2. State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116023, China;1. Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran;2. Institute of Applied Zoology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran;3. Industrial Biotechnology Research Group, Institute of Biotechnology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, 9177948974, Iran;1. Biochemistry Division, Department of Chemistry, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, 411007, India;2. Microbial Culture Collection, National Centre for Cell Science, Pune, 411021, India |
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| Abstract: | A bacterial strain, CK3, with remarkable ability to decolorize the reactive textile dye Reactive Red 180, was isolated from the activated sludge collected from a textile mill. Phenotypic characterization and phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rDNA sequence indicated that the bacterial strain belonged to the genus Citrobacter. Bacterial isolate CK3 showed a strong ability to decolorize various reactive textile dyes, including both azo and anthraquinone dyes. Anaerobic conditions with 4 g l?1 glucose, pH = 7.0 and 32 °C were considered to be the optimum decolorizing conditions. Citrobacter sp. CK3 grew well in a high concentration of dye (200 mg l?1), resulting in approximately 95% decolorization extent in 36 h, and could tolerate up to 1000 mg l?1 of dye. UV–vis analyses and colorless bacterial cells suggested that Citrobacter sp. CK3 exhibited decolorizing activity through biodegradation, rather than inactive surface adsorption. It is the first time that a bacterial strain of Citrobacter sp. has been reported with decolorizing ability against both azo and anthraquinone dyes. High decolorization extent and facile conditions show the potential for this bacterial strain to be used in the biological treatment of dyeing mill effluents. |
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