Schistosoma transmission: scaling-up competence from hosts to ecosystems |
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| Institution: | 1. IHPE, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, IFREMER, Univ Perpignan Via Domitia, Perpignan, France;2. Center for Evolutionary and Theoretical Immunology (CETI), Parasite Division – Museum of Southwestern Biology, Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA;1. Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA;2. Division of Geographic Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA;1. Instituto de Patobiología Veterinaria, Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas (CICVyA), INTA-Castelar, Los Reseros y Nicolas Repetto s/n, Hurlingham 1686, Argentina;2. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1033AAJ, Argentina;3. Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Brani?ovská 1160/31, CZ-37005 ?eské Budějovice, Czech Republic;4. Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, CZ-370 05 ?eské Budějovice, Czech Republic;5. Washington State University/Animal Disease Research Unit USDA, Pullman, WA, USA;1. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada;2. McGill Interdisciplinary Initiative in Infection and Immunity, Montreal, Quebec, Canada;3. McGill Regenerative Medicine Network, Montreal, Quebec, Canada;4. Department of Pathology, McGill University and Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada;5. McGill Centre for Microbiome Research, Montreal, Quebec, Canada;1. Laboratory of Parasitology, FARAH, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium;2. Laboratory of Immunology-Vaccinology, FARAH, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium;1. Infection and Innate Immunity Lab, Department of Biological Sciences, The George Washington University, Science and Engineering Hall, 800 22nd Street NW, Washington, DC 20052, USA |
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| Abstract: | In a One-Health context, it is urgent to establish the links between environmental degradation, biodiversity loss, and the circulation of pathogens. Here we review and literally draw a general vision of aquatic environmental factors that interface with Schistosoma species, agents of schistosomiasis, and ultimately modulate their transmission at the ecosystem scale. From this synthesis, we introduce the concept of ecosystem competence defined as ‘the propensity of an ecosystem to amplify or mitigate an incoming quantity of a given pathogen that can be ultimately transmitted to their definitive hosts’. Ecosystem competence integrates all mechanisms at the ecosystem scale underlying the transmission risk of a given pathogen and offers a promising measure for operationalizing the One-Health concept. |
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