Complete mitogenome of Nycteribia allotopa Speiser, 1901 (Diptera,Hippoboscoidea, Nycteribiidae) and comparative analysis of mitochondrial genomes of Nycteribiidae |
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| Institution: | 1. Institute of Pathogens and Vectors, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Control and Prevention, Dali University, 22 Wanhua St, Dali 671000, China;2. Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resource Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Normal University, 5268 Renmin St, Changchun 130000, China;1. College of Veterinary and Animal Husbandry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Pakistan;2. Department of Zoology, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan 2320, Pakistan;3. Department of Microbiology, Shaheed Benazir Women University Peshawar, Pakistan;4. Department of Zoology, Bacha Khan University, Charsadda, Pakistan;6. Department of Basic Sciences, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Sidi Thabet, University of Manouba, Manouba 2010, Tunisia;7. Laboratory of Microbiology, National School of Veterinary Medicine of Sidi Thabet, University of Manouba, Manouba 2010, Tunisia;1. Medical Parasitology Department, Faulty of Medicine, Tanta University, Egypt;2. Biochemistry Division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Damanhour University, Egypt;3. Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Egypt;4. Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Egypt;5. Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Egypt;6. Histopathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Egypt;7. Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Egypt;8. Biostatistics and Public Health Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Egypt;9. Medical Parasitology Subunit, Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mutah University, Jordan;10. Medical Parasitology Subunit, Pathology Department, College of Medicine, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia;1. Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, People''s Republic of China;2. Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center for Aquatic Animal Diseases Control and Prevention, Wuhan, People''s Republic of China;3. Engineering Research Center of Green development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, People''s Republic of China;4. National Aquatic Animal Diseases Para-reference laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People''s Republic of China;1. Department of Parasitology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan;2. Division of Global Environment Parasitology, Faculty of Medical Technology, Niigata University of Pharmacy and Medical and Life Sciences, Niigata 956-8603, Japan;3. Department of Zoology, National Museum of Nature and Science, Tsukuba 305-0005, Japan, currently Meguro Parasitological Museum, Tokyo 153-0064, Japan;4. Unit of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile;1. Department of Science Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Doba, PO Box 03, Doba, Chad;2. Molecular Parasitology and Entomology Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, PO Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon;3. National Malaria Control Program, Ministry of Health in Chad, Chad |
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| Abstract: | In recent years, the global pandemic of bat-associated pathogens has led to increasing attention on bat ectoparasites. Numerous studies have identified human-associated pathogens in Nycteribiidae, indicating their potential as vectors. In this study, the first complete sequencing of the mitochondrial genome of Nycteribia allotopa Speiser, 1901 was sequenced and analyzed. We also compared the mitochondrial sequences of N. allotopa with those available in the database for other Nycteribiidae species. The complete mitochondrial genome of N. allotopa was found to be 15,161 bp in size with an A + T content of 82.49%. Nucleotide polymorphism analysis of 13 protein-coding genes from five species of Nycteribiidae showed that nad6 exhibited the most significant variation, while cox1 was the most conserved. Furthermore, selection pressure analysis revealed cox1 to exhibit the strongest purifying selection, while atp8, nad2, nad4L, and nad5 showed slightly looser purifying selection. Pairwise genetic distances indicated that cox1 and cox2 were evolving comparatively slowly, whereas atp8, nad2, and nad6 were evolving comparatively quickly. Phylogenetic trees constructed using Bayesian inference and maximum likelihood methods demonstrated that all four families within the superfamily Hippoboscoidea clustered into one branch each, indicating their monophyly. N. allotopa was found to be most closely related to the same genus N. parvula. This study significantly enriches the molecular database for Nycteribiidae and provides invaluable reference data for future species identification, phylogenetic analysis, and exploration of their potential as vectors for human-associated pathogens. |
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