Nitrate-nitrogen retention in wetlands in the Mississippi River Basin |
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| Institution: | 1. State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China;2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;3. School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB24 3UU, United Kingdom;4. Environment Department, University of York, York YO10 5NG, United Kingdom;1. Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, PR China;2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China;3. College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, PR China;1. Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC), UMR 7619 Metis, Paris 75005, France;2. Institut de Ciències del Mar (CSIC), Barcelona 08003, Spain;3. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 7619 Metis, Paris 75005, France;4. PBL, Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency, 3721 MA Bilthoven, The Netherlands |
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| Abstract: | Nitrate-nitrogen retention as a result of river water diversions is compared in experimental wetland basins in Ohio for 18 wetland-years (9 years × 2 wetland basins) and a large wetland complex in Louisiana (1 wetland basin × 4 years). The Ohio wetlands had an average nitrate-nitrogen retention of 39 g-N m−2 year−1, while the Louisiana wetland had a slightly higher retention of 46 g-N m−2 year−1 for a similar loading rate area. When annual nitrate retention data from these sites are combined with 26 additional wetland-years of data from other wetland sites in the Basin Mississippi River (Ohio, Illinois, and Louisiana), a robust regression model of nitrate retention versus nitrate loading is developed. The model provides an estimate of 22,000 km2 of wetland creation and restoration needed in the Mississippi River Basin to remove 40% of the nitrogen estimated to discharge into the Gulf of Mexico from the river basin. This estimated wetland restoration is 65 times the published net gain of wetlands in the entire USA over the past 10 years as enforced by the Clean Water Act and is four times the cumulative total of the USDA Wetland Reserve Program wetland protection and restoration activity for the entire USA. |
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