New chondrichthyan fauna from the Palaeogene deposits of Barmer district,Rajasthan, western India: Age,palaeoenvironment and intercontinental affinities |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Geology and Geophysics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur 721302, India;2. Greenwood Housing Cooperative Society Limited, 315B Upen Banerjee Road, Kolkata 700060, India;1. Laboratoire de Paléontologie, Institut des Sciences de l’Évolution de Montpellier (ISE-M, UMR 5554, CNRS/UM/IRD/EPHE), c.c. 064, Université de Montpellier, place Eugène Bataillon, F-34095, Montpellier Cedex 05, France;2. Géosciences Montpellier (UMR-CNRS 5243), c.c. 060, Université de Montpellier, Place Eugène Bataillon, F-34095, Montpellier Cedex 05, France;3. Office National des Mines (ONM), 24 rue 8601, 2035 La Charguia, Tunis BP: 215, 1080, Tunis, Tunisia;1. Institute of Geoscience, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Goncalves, 9500, Porto Alegre, RS 91.501-970, Brazil;2. Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeobotany, 53 University Road, Lucknow 226 007, India;1. Department of Paleontology, Eötvös University, Budapest, Hungary;2. Department of Paleontology and Geology, Hungarian Natural History Museum, Budapest, Hungary;1. CICTERRA (CONICET–Universidad Nacional de Córdoba), X5016GCB Córdoba, Argentina;2. Departamento de Geología, Universidad de Oviedo, 33005 Oviedo, Spain;3. Palaeontology Section, Earth Science Department, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK;4. 146, Church Hill Road, Sutton, Surrey SM3 8NF, England, UK |
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| Abstract: | Field investigations of the Palaeogene sections exposed in Barmer district, Rajasthan (India) led to the discovery of a new fossiliferous horizon in the Padma Rao Open Cast Bentonitic Clay Quarry. The bentonitic clay sequence of this quarry is considered as representing the upper part of the shale, carbonaceous shale, lignite and bentonitic clay succession of the Akli Formation exposed in the Giral Lignite Mine, 2.5 km to its north. Screen-washing of the sediments from a fossiliferous level within the bentonitic clay of the new site has yielded nine taxa of sharks and batoids: Squatiscyllium nigeriensis White, 1934, Ginglymostoma sokotoense White, 1934, Ginglymostomatidae gen. et sp. indet., Brachycarcharias sp., Abdounia recticona Winkler, 1873, Premontreia (Oxyscyllium) peypouqueti Noubhani et Cappetta, 1997, Eotorpedo hilgendorfi Jaekel, 1904, Coupatezia sp. cf. C. danica, and Myliobatidae gen. et sp. indet. The fauna recovered is mainly represented by nearshore shallow marine forms. This fauna is quite different from that of Palaeocene Fatehgarh Formation, the Lower Eocene Kapurdi Formation (Barmer Basin), the Khuiala Formation (Jaisalmer Basin) and the Cambay Shale (Cambay Basin), and favours a late Palaeocene (Thanetian) age for the upper part of the Akli Formation. A nearshore shallow marine palaeoenvironment is favored for the investigated stratigraphic horizon on the basis of the selachian fauna. Majority of the fossil shark species described from the Padma Rao quarry section are known from a number of sites in Africa, western Europe, Asia and southeastern USA, suggesting that free faunal interchanges were possible between the western Tethys and Indo-Madagascan faunal provinces during the late Palaeocene. |
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| Keywords: | Palaeogene Shark teeth Palaeoenvironment Intercontinental affinities Barmer India |
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