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Interseasonal movements of greater sage-grouse,migratory behavior,and an assessment of the core regions concept in Wyoming
Authors:Bradley C Fedy  Cameron L Aldridge  Kevin E Doherty  Micheal O'Donnell  Jeffrey L Beck  Bryan Bedrosian  Matthew J Holloran  Gregory D Johnson  Nicholas W Kaczor  Christopher P Kirol  Cheryl A Mandich  David Marshall  Gwyn McKee  Chad Olson  Christopher C Swanson  Brett L Walker
Institution:1. Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory, Colorado State University, in cooperation with U.S. Geological Survey, Fort Collins Science Center, 2150 Centre Avenue, Bldg. C, Fort Collins, CO 80526, USA;2. Department of Ecosystem Sciences and Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory, Colorado State University, in cooperation with U.S. Geological Survey, Fort Collins Science Center, 2150 Centre Avenue, Bldg. C, Fort Collins, CO 80526, USA;3. United States Fish and Wildlife Service, Bismarck, ND 58501, USA;4. U.S. Geological Survey, Fort Collins Science Center, 2150 Centre Avenue, Bldg. C, Fort Collins, CO 80526, USA;5. Department of Ecosystem Science and Management, University of Wyoming, Dept 3354, 1000 East University Ave., Laramie, WY 82071, USA;6. Craighead Beringia South, PO Box 147, 6955 E. 3rd St., Kelly, WY 83011, USA;7. Wyoming Wildlife Consultants, LLC, 201 West Pine St., Pinedale, WY 82941, USA;8. Western EcoSystems Technology, Inc., 2003 Central Avenue, Cheyenne, WY 82001, USA;9. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, 134 Union Blvd., Suite 300, Lakewood, CO 80228, USA;10. University of Wyoming, Casper Center, 125 College Drive, Casper, WY 82601, USA;11. KC Harvey Environmental, LLC, 376 Gallatin Park Drive, Bozeman, MT 59715, USA;12. Thunderbird Wildlife Consulting, Inc., 5303 Van Ripper St., Gillette, WY 82718, USA;13. Hayden-Wing Associates, LLC., 2308 South 8th Street, Laramie, WY 82070, USA;14. Kulm Wetland Management District, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Kulm, ND 58456, USA;15. Avian Research Program, Colorado Division of Wildlife, 711 Independent Ave., Grand Junction, CO 81505, USA
Abstract:Animals can require different habitat types throughout their annual cycles. When considering habitat prioritization, we need to explicitly consider habitat requirements throughout the annual cycle, particularly for species of conservation concern. Understanding annual habitat requirements begins with quantifying how far individuals move across landscapes between key life stages to access required habitats. We quantified individual interseasonal movements for greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus; hereafter sage-grouse) using radio-telemetry spanning the majority of the species distribution in Wyoming. Sage-grouse are currently a candidate for listing under the United States Endangered Species Act and Wyoming is predicted to remain a stronghold for the species. Sage-grouse use distinct seasonal habitats throughout their annual cycle for breeding, brood rearing, and wintering. Average movement distances in Wyoming from nest sites to summer-late brood-rearing locations were 8.1 km (SE = 0.3 km; n = 828 individuals) and the average subsequent distances moved from summer sites to winter locations were 17.3 km (SE = 0.5 km; n = 607 individuals). Average nest-to-winter movements were 14.4 km (SE = 0.6 km; n = 434 individuals). We documented remarkable variation in the extent of movement distances both within and among sites across Wyoming, with some individuals remaining year-round in the same vicinity and others moving over 50 km between life stages. Our results suggest defining any of our populations as migratory or non-migratory is innappropriate as individual strategies vary widely. We compared movement distances of birds marked using Global Positioning System (GPS) and very high frequency (VHF) radio marking techniques and found no evidence that the heavier GPS radios limited movement. Furthermore, we examined the capacity of the sage-grouse core regions concept to capture seasonal locations. As expected, we found the core regions approach, which was developed based on lek data, was generally better at capturing the nesting locations than summer or winter locations. However, across Wyoming the sage-grouse breeding core regions still contained a relatively high percentage of summer and winter locations and seem to be a reasonable surrogate for non-breeding habitat when no other information exists. We suggest that conservation efforts for greater sage-grouse implicitly incorporate seasonal habitat needs because of high variation in the amount of overlap among breeding core regions and non-breeding habitat. © 2012 The Wildlife Society.
Keywords:Centrocercus urophasianus  core regions  greater sage-grouse  migration  migratory  radio-telemetry  seasonal movements  Wyoming
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