低能N+离子束注入对不同染色体组倍性水稻幼苗期生理特性的影响

以2份水稻二倍体及其相应的同源四倍体为试验材料,采用3种不同剂量的低能N+离子束对其种胚进行注入处理,对其出芽率、成苗率以及幼苗期5种主要生理指标:超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、丙二醛(MDA)和可溶性糖进行初步测定。结果表明:随着辐射剂量的增加,试验材料的出芽率和成苗率均呈下降趋势,在最高剂量处理条件下(5.0×1017N+/cm2)试验材料的出芽率、成苗率与对照相比差异达极显著水平(P<0.01)。二倍体材料幼苗SOD、POD、CAT的活性均呈先上升后下降的趋势,并在3.0×1017N+/cm2的剂量下达到最高,而四倍体材料幼苗SOD、POD、CAT的活性则呈先上升后下降再上升的趋势,并在1.0×1017N+/cm2的剂量下达到最高。二倍体材料幼苗MDA含量的变化呈先下降再上升的趋势;四倍体材料幼苗MDA含量的变化呈先下降后上升再下降的趋势。两种染色体组倍性水稻材料中可溶性糖含量在各处理组间差异不是特别显著,但均低于空白对照组。由此可见,不同剂量的低能N+离子束会对试验材料的出芽率、成苗率以及幼苗期的主要生理特性产生显著的影响,且不同染色体组倍性材料间也存在一定的差异。

Effects of low-energy N+ ion beam irradiation on the main physiological characteristics of rice(O.sativa) with different chromosome sets in seedling period

Three different doses of low-energy N+ ion beam were injected into the embryo of diploid rice seeds and corresponding autotetraploids. The germination capacity,seedling rate and five major physiological indexes superoxide dismutase (SOD),peroxidase (POD),catalase (CAT),malonaldehyde (MDA),and soluble sugar were examined preliminarily at seedling period. The results showed that with the increase of the implantation dose,the germination capacity and seedling rate of experimental materials tended to decline,and the difference between each treatment group and CK reached the particularly significant level(P<0.01) under the maximum dose (5.0×1017N+/cm2). The SOD,POD and CAT activity of diploid materials increased first and then decreased with the dose increasing,and all of them reached the maximum at the dose of 3.0×1017N+/cm2,while the SOD,PODand CAT activity of tetraploid materials showed increase-decrease-increase curve and all of them reached maximum at 1.0×1017N+/cm2. The MDA content of diploid materials decreased first and then increased with the dose increasing,while that of tetraploid materials showed decrease-increase-decrease curve. There was no particularly significant difference among the treatment group of soluble sugar content,but the content of soluble sugar was lower than that of the CK. Thus,different doses of low-energy N+ ion beam had a significant effects on the germination capacity,seedling rate and main physiological characteristics of rice with different chromosome sets in seedling period,and there were also some differences between materials with different ploidies.