峨眉山区野生濒危药用植物资源评价体系的初步研究

峨眉山区属于亚热带季风气候区,野生药用植物资源十分丰富。经过三年的野外调查和文献资料整理,首次建立了峨眉山以蕴藏系数、保护缓急程度等7项指标在内的定量评价濒危药用植物指标体系。结果表明:峨眉山目前1655种野生药用植物(含变种、变型)中,受到生存威胁的药用植物种类共56科102属152种。其中急需保护的有19科29属41种,分别占其科属种数的33.93%、28.43%和26.97%,代表种类主要有峨眉金线兰、峨眉黄连、峨眉拟单性木兰、峨眉岩白菜等;需要保护的有22科,29属,35种,分别占其科属种的39.29%、28.43%和23.02%,代表种类主要有四川木莲、峨眉荚蒾、峨眉忍冬、峨眉雪胆等;一般保护的有41科59属76种,分别占其科属种的73.21%、57.84%和50%,代表种类主要有黄连、川桂、八角莲、威灵仙等。

Preliminary studies on the evaluation system of endangered wild officinal plants in Mount Emei

The Emei Mountain area belongs to subtropical monsoon zone and is rich in officinal plants. Based on three years field investigation and literatures compilation, an evaluation system for endangered wild officinal plants in Mount Emei was established for the first time. The system contained seven indexes like storage and protection urgency. The results showed that 152 species,102 genera and 56 families were endangered species in the 1 655 wild officinal plants(including varieties and forms). 41 species,29 genera and 19 families which needed urgent protection accounted for 26.97%,28.43% and 33.93% respectively,and their representatives included Anoetochilus emeiensis,Coptis omeiensis,Parakmeria omeiensis,Bergenia emeinsis and so on. 35 species,29 genera and 22 families which needed protection accounted for 23.02%,28.43%,39.29% respectively,and their representatives included Manglietia szechuanica,Viburnum omeiensis,Lonicera similes and Hemsleya omeiensis. 76 species,59 genera and 41 families which needed unclassified protection accounted for 50%,57.84%,73.21% respectively. And their representatives were Coptis chinensis,Cinnamomum wilsonii,Dysosma versipellis and Clematis chinensis.