Uptake and metabolism of flavonols during in-vitro germination of Petunia hybrida (L.) pollen |
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Authors: | Pin Xu Thomas Vogt Loverine P Taylor |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Genetics and Cell Biology and Program in Plant Physiology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-4234, USA, US |
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Abstract: | Flavonol-deficient petunia pollen conditionally male fertile (CMF) pollen] is unable to germinate but application of nanomolar
concentrations of flavonol aglycones completely restores function (Mo et al. 1992). In this study a chemically synthesized
radioactive flavonol, 4′-O-14C]kaempferide, was used as a model compound to study the metabolism of flavonols during the first few hours of pollen germination.
4′-O-14C] Kaempferide was as efficient at inducing CMF pollen germination as kaempferol and quercetin, the aglycone form of the endogenous
flavonols in petunia pollen. Analysis by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) of extracts from both in-vitro-germinated
pollen and the germination medium showed that more than 95% of the applied radioactivity was recovered as three kaempferide
3-O-glycosides and unmetabolized kaempferide; no flavonol catabolites were detected. Only HPLC fractions that contained the aglycone, or produced
it upon acid hydrolysis, could induce CMF pollen germination in vitro. Structurally diverse flavonols could be classified
according to how efficiently the aglycone was internalized and glycosylated during pollen germination. The ability of an individual
flavonol to restore germination correlated with the total uptake of flavonols but not with the amount of glycoside formed
in the pollen. Thus this study reinforces the conclusion that flavonol aglycones are the active compound for inducing pollen
germination.
Received: 4 November 1996/Accepted: 4 December 1996 |
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Keywords: | :Petunia (pollen) Pollen germination Flavonol radiolabeled |
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