Pathophysiology of mitochondrial volume homeostasis: Potassium transport and permeability transition |
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Authors: | Karin Nowikovsky Paolo Bernardi |
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Institution: | a Max F. Perutz Laboratories, Department of Genetics, University of Vienna, Austria b Department of Biomedical Sciences and CNR Institute of Neuroscience, University of Padova, I-35121 Padova, Viale Giuseppe Colombo 3, Italy |
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Abstract: | Regulation of mitochondrial volume is a key issue in cellular pathophysiology. Mitochondrial volume and shape changes can occur following regulated fission-fusion events, which are modulated by a complex network of cytosolic and mitochondrial proteins; and through regulation of ion transport across the inner membrane. In this review we will cover mitochondrial volume homeostasis that depends on (i) monovalent cation transport across the inner membrane, a regulated process that couples electrophoretic K+ influx on K+ channels to K+ extrusion through the K+-H+ exchanger; (ii) the permeability transition, a loss of inner membrane permeability that may be instrumental in triggering cell death. Specific emphasis will be placed on molecular advances on the nature of the transport protein(s) involved, and/or on diseases that depend on mitochondrial volume dysregulation. |
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Keywords: | Cs Cyclosporin CyP cyclophilin DCCD N N&prime -dicyclohexylcarbodiimide KHE K+-H+ exchanger PTP permeability transition pore ROS reactive oxygen species UCMD Ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy WHS Wolf-Hirschhorn Syndrome |
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