Energy metabolism affects susceptibility of Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes to Plasmodium infection |
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| Authors: | Oliveira Jose Henrique M Gonçalves Renata L S Oliveira Giselle A Oliveira Pedro L Oliveira Marcus F Barillas-Mury Carolina |
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| Institution: | a Laboratório de Bioquímica de Artrópodes Hematófagos, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil;b Laboratório de Bioquímica Redox, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil;c Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 29892, United States;d Laboratório de Inflamação e Metabolismo, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Biologia Estrutural e Bioimagem (INBEB), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil;e Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular (INCT-EM), Brazil |
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| Abstract: | Previous studies showed that Anopheles gambiae L3-5 females, which are refractory (R) to Plasmodium infection, express higher levels of genes involved in redox-metabolism and mitochondrial respiration than susceptible (S) G3 females. Our studies revealed that R females have reduced longevity, faster utilization of lipid reserves, impaired mitochondrial state-3 respiration, increased rate of mitochondrial electron leak and higher expression levels of several glycolytic enzyme genes. Furthermore, when state-3 respiration was reduced in S females by silencing expression of the adenine nucleotide translocator (ANT), hydrogen peroxide generation was higher and the mRNA levels of lactate dehydrogenase increased in the midgut, while the prevalence and intensity of Plasmodium berghei infection were significantly reduced. We conclude that there are broad metabolic differences between R and S An. gambiae mosquitoes that influence their susceptibility to Plasmodium infection. |
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| Keywords: | Mosquito Anopheles gambiae Metabolism Mitochondria Plasmodium infection Refractoriness Electron leak Reactive oxygen species |
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