Effect of photoperiod and temperature on the induction of diapause in a Japanese strain of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Aphidoletes aphidimyza</Emphasis> (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) |
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Authors: | Masafumi Yamane Eizi Yano Yoshitaka Matsumoto Seisuke Yoshioka Takanori Kawai Hiroaki Toyonishi Takafumi Nakamura |
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Institution: | 1.Entomological Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture,Kinki University,Nara,Japan |
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Abstract: | The aphidophagous gall midge Aphidoletes aphidimyza (Rondani) (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), a dominant natural enemy of aphids, has been used as a biological control agent in many
countries to control aphids in greenhouses. As developmental arrest in diapause lowers the effectiveness of natural enemies,
we studied the effect of photoperiod and temperature on the incidence of diapause in a Japanese strain of A. aphidimyza by examining diapause induction under different day-length conditions in the laboratory. The critical day length for diapause
induction was determined to be 12.7 h at 20°C. Diapause incidence was completely prevented at 30°C even though the photoperiod
used was 11L13D. We also examined diapause induction under changing temperature conditions while maintaining the critical
day length (12.7L11.3D). Diapause incidence was 100% in both field and greenhouse conditions under alternating temperatures
of 20/16 or 25/16°C while the critical day length of 12.7 h was maintained. The Japanese strain of A. aphidimyza was sensitive to diapause entry from the first to the third noncocooned instar larval stages. Its eggs do not seem to be
sensitive to diapause induction. Our results suggest that constant short-day conditions for at least four days are needed
to induce diapause in the Japanese strain of A. aphidimyza. |
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