从化学成分探讨白豆杉属的系统位置

白豆杉属Pseudotaxus隶属红豆杉科Taxaceae。该属仅一种，即白豆杉Pseudotaxus chienii(Cheng)Cheng，是我国特有单种属植物之一。关于白豆杉属的系统位置，多年来一直有不同的看法。笔者通过对白豆杉化学成分的研究结果与文献报道的红豆杉科各属植物中存在的生物碱、萜类、黄酮，木脂素、葸醌、甾体、芳香族化合物、精油及其它类成分对照分析，发现除一些基本的次生代谢产物，如甾体、芳香族化合物等有些相似外，其他成分的差别很大，白豆杉属植物中未发现在红豆杉属各种植物中广泛分布的紫杉烷和双共酮类化合物。又结合国外学者在植物的花粉形态、种子蛋白和针叶过氧化酶谱，以及一些特征成分，如双黄酮化合物在各属代表种中的分布等方面的研究结果和观点，对白豆杉属的系统位置进行了初步探讨，认为将其从红豆杉族中分出，单独成立白豆杉族Pseudotaxeae较为合适。

A DISCUSSION ON THE SYSTEMATIC POSITION OF THE GENUS PSEUDOTAXUS (TAXACEAE) FROM PHYTOCHEMISTRY

Pasudotaxus chienii (Cheng) Cheng is endemic to China, and is the only species of the genus. There have been some different opinions on the systematic position of the genus Pseudotaxus for many years. Based on the comparison and analysis of the author's researching results on chemical constituents of P seudotaxus chienii, combined with what is reported in the literature about alkaloids, terpenoids, flavonoids, lignans, anthraqinones, steroids, phenols, components of essential oils, etc. , in the Taxaceae, it is revealed that;l. The two, Taxus and P seudotaxus, are quite different except a little resemblance in some basic secondary metabolites, e. g. , steroids and phenols; 2. Taxanes and diflavonoids widely distributed in the genus Taxus are absent in the genus Pseudotaxus. The systematic position of Pseudotaxus is discussed from these facts, and the research results and opinions in the literature on pollen morphology, seed protein peptides, needle peroxidases and diflavonoids in the Taxaceae. It may be appropriate to Separate Pseudotaxus from the tribe Taxeae and establish a new tribe, i. e. , tribe Pseudotaxeae.