Microsymbionts of Phaseolus vulgaris in acid and alkaline soils of Mexico |
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| Institution: | 1. Departamento de Microbiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, C.P. 11430, Mexico, D.F., Mexico;2. State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and Center of Biomass Engineering, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;3. Biological Sciences Department, Lehman College and Graduate Center, The City University of New York, Bronx, NY, USA;1. Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Desert Plant Roots Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China;2. State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China;3. Cele National Station of Observation and Research for Desert-Grassland Ecosystems, Qira 848300, China;4. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;5. School of Life Sciences, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA;1. Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Spain;2. Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad de Salamanca, Spain;3. Instituto de Investigación Biomédica, Salamanca, Spain;4. Departamento de Microbiología y Genética, Universidad de Salamanca, Spain;5. IRNASA Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Salamanca, Spain;6. Unidad Asociada Grupo de Interacción planta-microorganismo, Universidad de Salamanca, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Salamanca, Spain;7. Departamento de Microbiología y Biología Celular, Universidad de La Laguna, Spain;1. College of Life Science, Inner Mongolia University for the Nationalities, Tongliao, 028042 Inner Mongolia, China;2. State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, Beijing 100193, China;3. College of Biological Sciences and Rhizobium Research Center, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;4. Departamento de Microbiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, México D.F. 11340, Mexico;5. State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China;1. Laboratoire d’Ecologie Microbienne, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université de Bejaia, 06000 Bejaia, Algeria;2. Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM) – Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Campus Montegancedo UPM, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain;3. Departamento de Biotecnología-Biología Vegetal, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, UPM, 28040 Madrid, Spain;4. Instituto de Ciencias Agrarias, CSIC, 28006 Madrid, Spain;1. Departamento de Bioquímica, Microbiología, Biología Celular y Genética, Universidad de La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain;2. CICS-UBI–Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal;3. Departamento de Microbiología y Genética, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain;4. IRNASA-CSIC, Salamanca, Spain;5. Unidad Asociada Grupo de Interacción Planta-Microorganismo, Universidad de Salamanca-IRNASA-CSIC, Salamanca, Spain;6. Instituto Hispanoluso de Investigaciones Agrarias (CIALE), Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain;1. Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología, IRNASA-CSIC, Salamanca, Spain;2. Unidad Asociada Universidad de Salamanca – CSIC ‘Interacción Planta-Microorganismo’, Salamanca, Spain;3. Departamento de Microbiología y Genética, Lab. 209, Universidad de Salamanca, Edificio Departamental de Biología, Campus M. Unamuno, Salamanca, Spain;4. Laboratory of Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Sciences of Oujda and Polydisciplinary Faculty of Nador, Mohammed I University, Morocco;5. Laboratorio de Estudios Ambientales, Instituto de Zoología Tropical, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela |
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| Abstract: | In order to investigate bean-nodulating rhizobia in different types of soil, 41 nodule isolates from acid and alkaline soils in Mexico were characterized. Based upon the phylogenetic studies of 16S rRNA, atpD, glnII, recA, rpoB, gyrB, nifH and nodC genes, the isolates originating from acid soils were identified as the phaseoli symbiovar of the Rhizobium leguminosarum-like group and Rhizobium grahamii, whereas the isolates from alkaline soils were defined as Ensifer americanum sv. mediterranense and Rhizobium radiobacter. The isolates of “R. leguminosarum” and E. americanum harbored nodC and nifH genes, but the symbiotic genes were not detected in the four isolates of the other two species. It was the first time that “R. leguminosarum” and E. americanum have been reported as bean-nodulating bacteria in Mexico. The high similarity of symbiotic genes in the Rhizobium and Ensifer populations showed that these genes had the same origin and have diversified recently in different rhizobial species. Phenotypic characterization revealed that the “R. leguminosarum” population was more adapted to the acid and low salinity conditions, while the E. americanum population preferred alkaline conditions. The findings of this study have improved the knowledge of the diversity, geographic distribution and evolution of bean-nodulating rhizobia in Mexico. |
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| Keywords: | Rhizobia Biogeography Phylogeny Soil pH Mobility |
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