叶用芥菜细胞质雄性不育系0912A的胞质效应和杂种优势分析

通过异地多代的育性鉴定及花器形态观察来调查叶用芥菜细胞质雄性不育系0912A的不育性及结籽能力；同时分别以不育系0912A和其保持系0912B为母本,与5个典型叶用芥菜自交系配成10个同核异质的杂交种,以研究hau胞质的胞质效应并测定杂种优势.结果显示:该不育系败育彻底稳定,不育株率和不育度均为100％,有正常的结籽能力；不育系杂种一代与产最相关性状的杂种优势明显,但品质性状无优势；hau胞质在单株重上的负效应较明显,在其他性状上的负效应相对较弱,但hau胞质组合F1的单株重杂种优势依然显著,且胞质效应受杂交父本核影响,通过选择合适的杂交父本配组,细胞质的负效应可以减轻或消除.

Cytoplasmic Effects and Heterosis in Cytoplasmic Male Sterile Line of Leafy Mustard 0912A

Male sterility and seeding ability of the cytoplasmic male sterility line of leafy mustard（0912A）（Brassica juncea） were evaluated by fertility and floral characters.With 0912A and its maintainer line（0912B） as maternal parents and five typical inbred lines as male pa-rents,ten F1 hybrids were produced to study the effects of male sterile cytoplasm and heterosis.The results showed that the sterility of 0912A was steadily complete,the fertility and sterile plant rate were 100%,and the seed-set was normal.The heterosis of yield-related traits was obvious,but not for the quality traits.Male cytoplasm had a distinct negative effect on weight per plant,but the heterosis of hau cytoplasmic F1 was still significant.The male cytoplasmic effect on hybrid traits varied with different nuclear genetic background,and the negative effect of cytoplasm could be reduced or eliminated by choosing suitable male parents.